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This final chapter demonstrates how the State can fulfil its three fiduciary duties to end homelessness, maintain public property’s shared value, and legitimize laws that govern public space. This chapter unpacks each of these duties and explains their substantive content. Drawing on existing research, this chapter provides concrete proposals for how the State can respect each of its three fiduciary obligations related to homelessness and public property.
Researchers need to reach a new academic normal in which virtually every piece of scholar-facing humanities work generates a public-facing writing component. This essay recounts interactions with a colleague who, in a curriculum meeting, described public humanities as “a hobby.” I suggest arguments and strategies to lead skeptical colleagues to re-envision the value and possibilities – and occasional dangers and pitfalls – of the public humanities. Public writing is a practice that academic humanists should regularly engage in and a mode we must be willing to teach in order to win back public trust in higher education and to reinvigorate humanities research at a time of precarity.
This manuscript addresses a critical topic: navigating complexities of conducting clinical trials during a pandemic. Central to this discussion is engaging communities to ensure diverse participation. The manuscript elucidates deliberate strategies employed to recruit minority communities with poor social drivers of health for participation in COVID-19 trials. The paper adopts a descriptive approach, eschewing analysis of data-driven efficacy of these efforts, and instead provides a comprehensive account of strategies utilized. The Accelerate COVID-19 Treatment Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) public–private partnership launched early in the COVID-19 pandemic to develop clinical trials to advance SARS-CoV-2 treatments. In this paper, ACTIV investigators share challenges in conducting research during an evolving pandemic and approaches selected to engage communities when traditional strategies were infeasible. Lessons from this experience include importance of community representatives’ involvement early in study design and implementation and integration of well-developed public outreach and communication strategies with trial launch. Centralization and coordination of outreach will allow for efficient use of resources and the sharing of best practices. Insights gleaned from the ACTIV program, as outlined in this paper, shed light on effective strategies for involving communities in treatment trials amidst rapidly evolving public health emergencies. This underscores critical importance of community engagement initiatives well in advance of the pandemic.
Marine litter poses a complex challenge in Indonesia, necessitating a well-informed and coordinated strategy for effective mitigation. This study investigates the seasonality of plastic concentrations around Sulawesi Island in central Indonesia during monsoon-driven wet and dry seasons. By using open data and methodologies including the HYCOM and Parcels models, we simulated the dispersal of plastic waste over 3 months during both the southwest and northeast monsoons. Our research extended beyond data analysis, as we actively engaged with local communities, researchers and policymakers through a range of outreach initiatives, including the development of a web application to visualize model results. Our findings underscore the substantial influence of monsoon-driven currents on surface plastic concentrations, highlighting the seasonal variation in the risk to different regional seas. This study adds to the evidence provided by coarser resolution regional ocean modelling studies, emphasizing that seasonality is a key driver of plastic pollution within the Indonesian archipelago. Inclusive international collaboration and a community-oriented approach were integral to our project, and we recommend that future initiatives similarly engage researchers, local communities and decision-makers in marine litter modelling results. This study aims to support the application of model results in solutions to the marine litter problem.
Extension’s charge has long been to extend research, information, and innovative strategies and programs from Land Grant University and research centers. Extension is working in an era of digital communication where social media is evidencing extraordinary growth. Most adults in the United States now report accessing information from social media platforms. As such the use of social media and technology in Extension is rapidly becoming a necessity. As Extension has served as a trusted source of information for over a century, it is currently facing a time of transition to explore how to effectively use technology to reach audiences. This chapter explores current trends in digital communication and highlights the ways that Extension can create and deliver information using social media. We propose intentionality in strategies and factors to consider when engaging via social media. Finally, we pose questions regarding Extension’s continued relevance and possibly changing role in considering the rapidly shifting information landscape.
Edited by
Richard Williams, University of South Wales,Verity Kemp, Independent Health Emergency Planning Consultant,Keith Porter, University of Birmingham,Tim Healing, Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London,John Drury, University of Sussex
This chapter is a case study of the Manchester Arena bombing in the UK in 2017. It focuses on practical approaches to delivering psychosocial and mental healthcare for the public and for professional staff, and considers the generic lessons identified from the experience.
Service providers have a unique understanding of older homeless adults’ challenges and service needs. However, research on the experiences of health care providers (HCPs) who work with this population is limited. We aimed to gain a better understanding of the experiences (roles, challenges, and rewards) of HCPs who work with older homeless adults (age 50 and over) in outreach settings. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 10 HCPs who worked in these roles. Four themes emerged: (a) the client–provider relationship as an essential building block to HCPs’ work; (b) progression of care that acknowledges the “whole person”; (c) collaboration as integral to providers’ work; and (d) the importance of system navigation. Providers found their work personally and professionally fulfilling but were frustrated by system-level challenges. Findings can be used to identify strategies on how to further support providers in their roles and enhance service provision for older homeless individuals.
This chapter offers an empirically informed approach that utilizes the Internet and social media to provide support and resources for health concerns. The topic of self-injury will be used as a case illustration throughout. To this end, initiatives aimed at supporting and offering outreach for people with lived experience of self-injury as well as key stakeholders who can play key support roles will be presented. By the end of the chapter, readers will be able to reflect on how these various considerations can be drawn upon when planning their own outreach efforts aimed at providing support and informational resources for a range of health concerns via the Internet.
Invasive species can have disastrous effects on the ecosystems they invade, requiring costly, labour-intensive mitigation. Public awareness campaigns are often used as a tool to reduce these species’ impacts. While heralded as useful and cost-effective, little evidence suggests that these campaigns contribute to meaningful biological outcomes. Furthermore, awareness campaigns are relatively understudied despite their usage as a common approach to mitigating invasive species. We conducted a literature review to assess publications that evaluated the efficacy of public awareness campaigns for managing invasive species. Out of 4382 papers initially extracted for analysis, we determined that 24 of them included studies conducted on awareness campaigns for invasive species. Four public awareness campaigns were deemed a ‘success’, and the other campaigns’ success was indeterminable due to study design. Our study revealed that inconsistencies in defined end points, unclear procedures and variability of campaigns contribute to there being insufficient evidence to determine the efficacy of public awareness campaigns. To evaluate the true efficacy of public awareness campaigns, we recommend that organizations conducting such campaigns implement rigorous and standardized assessments (e.g., Before–After Control–Impact designs or Bayesian analyses) that include measures of not just changes in the knowledge and behaviour of target audiences, but also relevant biological outcomes.
This chapter discusses the role of zoos in education. Zoos claim to have an educational function, but most of the studies that have been conducted in zoos have examined the educational value of single exhibits and have collected data from relatively small samples of visitors. Some studies have recorded changes in the knowledge or future behaviour of visitors following a zoo visit but others have not. Zoos in general tend to overemphasise their educational value based on very little scientific evidence. Some zoos engage in educational outreach work in schools and communities, and some of this work takes place in countries other than those where the zoos are located. Zoos make an important contribution to the training of future zoo professionals and veterinary staff. New technology is increasingly being used to enhance the visitor experience.
This is a review of the activities and successes of the 42nd residential JACT Latin Summer School, run in July 2022. Specifically, it covers our typical teaching arrangement, lectures, trips and events and acknowledges the generosity of our sponsors.
Psychiatric services in LEDCs face a tripartite challenge: (i) limited financial capital; (ii) scarcity of professionals; (iii) restrictive health beliefs. Inevitably, services developed for the first-world are ill-suited here. Psychiatric services must be designed from the ground up: inspired by but not a replica of best practices in the developed world. The SOUL project in Larkana, Pakistan provides home based assessment by a psychiatrist and fortnightly treatment by a mobile nursing team for schizophrenic patients. Psychoeducation of carers and the community as well as facilitation of work for patients are core aims. This mixed-methods study evaluates the experiences of primary stakeholders - patients and their carers.
Objectives
1.Are patients and carers satisfied with the care received? 2.Has SOUL been successful in changing health beliefs? 3.How could the programme be improved?
Methods
The principal investigator accompanied the team for 4-weeks. Purposive sampling was employed. Satisfaction was assessed quantitatively using the likert based PSQ-18 questionnaire. Thereafter, qualitative data was gathered using semi-structured interviews and analysed using a grounded theory approach. A total of 27 interviews were conducted before data saturation.
Results
100% of interviewees answered ’Satisfied’ or ’Very’ Satisfied to all elements of the PSQ-18. Above all, stakeholders valued that treatment was free and highly accessible (home visits), promoting treatment adherence. They felt psychoeducation events significantly reduced community stigma and made families more likely to seek psychiatrists over faith healers. Provision of respite care was suggested as a future improvement.
Conclusions
SOUL is highly valued by stakeholders and offers an excellent example of LEDC psychiatric care.
Communication plays an important role in reparations. Through communication survivors learn about the opportunities and avenues available to them, and through communication courts are able to ascertain survivors’ views and preferences regarding reparations. Such communication is not straight-forward but involves a range of actors who facilitate and mediate communication. Often little appreciated, these actors’ communicative practices shape in significant ways how reparations are framed, perceived and acted upon. This chapter examines two specific forms of communication of relevance to reparations: outreach and consultations. It shows that communicative practices in outreach and consultations at the ICC and the ECCC became dominated by concerns over managing victims’ expectations, in effect trumping the original goal of two-way communication. These practices also determined critical parameters of court-ordered reparations long before judges even embarked on the adjudication of reparations requests.
Student undergraduate research experience is a priority for higher education in Russia. The national long-term social and economic development document states that project-based learning is central to preparing students for the realities of the professional world. New government educational standards were developed to provide universities with the flexibility to introduce key undergraduate research activities to their curricula. This chapter gives a brief overview of the national higher education system in Russia, describes the administrative and cultural framework for undergraduate research, presents best practice examples, and provides an outlook on possibilities for future development.
Many universities, commercial companies, and science organizations who use microscopy have outreach programs. The members of such generally love to share their enthusiasm and passion with the next generation. Content and confidence on providing such a program often comes from sharing ideas with like-minded scientists. These programs are typically delegated with the acronym STEM or STEAM: science, technology, engineering, art, and math. One of MSA's outreach programs is ProjectMICRO. Included are some STEAM ideas to share.
Several papers have highlighted the potential of network science to appeal to a younger audience of high school children and provided lesson material on network science for high school children. However, network science also provides a great topic for outreach activities for primary school children. Therefore, this article gives a short summary of an outreach activity on network science for primary school children aged 8–12 years. The material provided in this article contains presentation material for a lesson of approximately 1 hour, including experiments, exercises, and quizzes, which can be used by other scientists interested in popularizing network science. We then discuss the lessons learned from this material.
It is our contention that industrial-organizational (I-O) science can do many great things for the world of work, but we must first get it out there more readily and fully into the hands of decision makers, policy makers, and the public. This focal article addresses the following topics: (a) Why isn’t I-O science reaching the public? (b) What are good mechanisms to bring I-O science to the public? (c) What are some keys to translation and public consumption? Specific public-facing activities discussed include writing a trade book, writing for trade magazines (e.g., Harvard Business Review [HBR]) and online blogs (e.g., Fortune), leveraging social media (e.g., LinkedIn), submitting op-eds, doing podcasts as a producer and/or guest, and joining a speakers bureau. We also discuss barriers to these activities such as time, reward structures, and skill deficits.
In response to the requirements imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, we developed a remote learning undergraduate workshop for 44 students at the University of Newcastle by embedding scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Maratus (Peacock) spiders into the MyScope Explore environment. The workshop session had two main components: 1) to use the online MyScope Explore tool to virtually image scales with structural color and pigmented color on Maratus spiders; 2) to join a live SEM session via Zoom to image an actual Maratus spider. In previous years, the undergraduate university students attending this annual workshop would enter the Microscopy Facility at the University of Newcastle to image specimens with SEM; however, in 2020 the Microscopy Facility was closed to student visitors, and this virtual activity was developed in order to proceed with the educational event. The program was highly successful and constitutes a platform that can be used in the future by universities for teaching microscopy remotely.
The education of children, particularly in scientific inquiry, is a powerful force that has shaped humanity's history and holds the key to our future. Given their power to provoke wonder and awe in child and adult alike, microscopes have proven to be transformative as tools for education. Exploratory learning using microscopes has helped to overcome critical barriers in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education and to broaden participation in these vital fields. Since its inception, the Microscopy Society of America (MSA) has recognized this and made education and outreach to children a priority. Here, we provide a brief review of MSA's efforts in this direction, focusing on current efforts aimed at improving STEM education through the greater adoption and utilization of microscopes.
The Warwick Classics Network (WCN) was created in July 2018 with funding from the Warwick Widening Participation Development Fund and the Warwick Impact Fund. Further funding from Widening Participation (WP) and the charity Classics for All secured the continuation of the position of Research Fellow in Outreach and Impact for the Dept. of Classics and Ancient History, a role given to Dr Paul Grigsby; WP funding was also used to cover the expenses of events such as our 2nd July 2018 WCN Launch event and the 2019 Warwick Ancient Drama Festival. For the period April 2019-April 2020 the WCN received further funding from WP, Classics for All, and the A. G. Leventis Foundation, and this report will detail the activities that this funding supported.