Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

3 results

  • Trends in prescription of cardiovascular drugs to children in relation to prevalence of CHD from 1999 to 2016

  • Christian B. Poulsen, Mads Damkjær
  • Journal:
    Cardiology in the Young / Volume 28 / Issue 9 / September 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 July 2018, pp. 1136-1141
  • Introduction

    Owing to massive improvements in the diagnostics and surgery of children with CHD, fatality has decreased substantially. As more children with CHD survive from infancy into later childhood, more will need medication for chronic heart failure. However, surprisingly little is actually known about which drugs are being used to treat children with CHD, and whether prescription rates and CHD prevalence have changed over time.

    Objective

    The objective of this study was to assess the total prescription of cardiovascular drugs to children during an 18-year period and to assess concomitant CHD prevalence.

    Methods

    All prescription data of cardiovascular drugs to children aged 0–19 years were extracted from publicly available databases in Norway and Denmark from 1999 to 2016. This was coupled with data on CHD prevalence and birth rates.

    Results

    The number of defined daily doses of cardiovascular drugs prescribed to children doubled in the study period. This was because of an increased use of beta blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and anti-arrhythmic agents. The use of some classes of drugs was significantly reduced over time. The prevalence of CHD remained constant in both countries – 80 per 10,000 births.

    Conclusion

    We show that there is an increase in the overall prescription of cardiovascular drugs to children. Beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin receptor blockers, and anti-arrhythmics account for the largest increase. Birth rates decreased or remained constant together with CHD prevalence, suggesting that the increased use of cardiovascular drugs reflected increased prescription per patient, rather than more patients receiving a constant amount of drugs.

  • Chapter 18 - Medical illness in psychiatric patients in the emergency department

  • from Section 3. - Psychiatric illnesses
  • Edited by Leslie S. Zun
  • Edited in association with Lara G. Chepenik, Mary Nan S. Mallory
  • Book:
    Behavioral Emergencies for the Emergency Physician
    Published online:
    05 April 2013
    Print publication:
    21 March 2013, pp 132-139

  • Summary

    Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric presentations to the emergency department (ED). The ability to differentiate anxiety symptoms and disorders from acute life-threatening conditions is paramount in providing treatment that is thorough, safe, and accurate. This can be particularly challenging when dealing with the time constraints faced in the ED, and financial limitations encountered in the un-insured and the underinsured patients. The Panic Screen Score (PSS) is one tool available for evaluation of ED patients presenting with unexplained chest pain which may be used to help determine prevalence as well as guide referral for further mental health evaluations. There is evidence to support both the efficacy and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as an acute treatment for adult anxiety disorder. In cases where pharmacological therapy is necessary in the ED and even more rarely, upon discharge, short-acting benzodiazepines such as Lorazepam and Alprazolam can be used.

  • Chapter 8.1 - Fetal dysrhythmias

  • from Section 2 - Fetal disease
  • Edited by Mark D. Kilby, Anthony Johnson, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, Dick Oepkes
  • Book:
    Fetal Therapy
    Published online:
    05 February 2013
    Print publication:
    13 December 2012, pp 78-86

  • Summary

    Antiarrhythmic agents affect the generation and/or propagation of the cardiac rhythm by their actions on one or several ion channel currents and/or the autonomous nervous system. This chapter focuses on five antiarrhythmic agents: digoxin, flecainide, sotalol, amiodarone and adenosine. Due to their relative safety and efficacy, these agents are considered the foundation of transplacental and/or direct pharmacological therapy of fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (SVT). SVT itself can be produced by four different mechanisms, namely: atrioventricular reentry (AVRT), atrial flutter (AF), atrial ectopic tachycardia (AET), and permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT). AVRT and PJRT involve the atrial and ventricular myocardium, the AV node, and accessory pathway(s) in the reentrant circuit. Suppression of AET and AF is possible by drugs like flecainide, sotalol, and amiodarone that directly act on atrial cells. The fetal response to antiarrhythmic therapy not unexpectedly is affected by fetal hemodynamics, arrhythmia mechanism, and the choice of drug management.