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2 results

  • 5 - Doing Media Linguistic Research

  • Aleksandra Gnach, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wibke Weber, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Martin Engebretsen, Universitetet i Agder, Norway, Daniel Perrin, Zurich University of Applied Sciences
  • Book:
    Digital Communication and Media Linguistics
    Published online:
    18 February 2023
    Print publication:
    29 December 2022, pp 137-154

  • Summary

    When doing classical fieldwork, ethnographers spend time in a foreign culture and try to describe this culture in a way that makes strange or unusual features understandable for their readers. It is a way to help addressees to see their own culture from a new perspective. The purpose of this chapter is to show how applied research can help to identify problems in society and professions and how it contributes to providing solutions by using the media linguistics toolbox. The chapter introduces some research frameworks, structures of various methods, and theoretical concepts. Furthermore, it aims to explain why the combination of linguistic and ethnographic frameworks is especially useful for finding out what people actually do when interacting in the context of digital media. The section on digital ethnography shows how doing research across offline and online spaces can broaden the understanding of the complexities of our contemporary world. Finally, the chapter introduces methods to generalize findings from ethnographic case studies systematically.

  • 6 - Dynamical systems and embedded cognition

  • Edited by Keith Frankish, The Open University, Milton Keynes, William M. Ramsey, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence
    Published online:
    05 July 2014
    Print publication:
    12 June 2014, pp 128-148

  • Summary

    This chapter traces some of the history of the individual intellectual threads of situated activity, embodiment, and dynamics that underlie the situated, embodied, dynamical (SED) approach. It particularly focuses on the years 1985- 1995. The first intellectual thread making up the SED approach is situated activity. Situated activity stresses three ideas such as concrete action, situatedness, and interactionism that have been traditionally neglected in artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive science. A second intellectual thread in the SED approach is embodiment. There are three distinct ideas such as physical embodiment, biological embodiment, and conceptual embodiment that have been advanced by advocates of embodied cognitive science. The final intellectual thread constituting the SED approach is dynamics, within which one must distinguish at least three ideas: dynamical systems theory (DST), dynamical framework, and dynamical hypothesis. The chapter articulates an integrated theoretical framework that combines the insights from situatedness, embodiment, and dynamics.