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  • 8 - The Translation Professions

  • from Part II - Translation in Society
  • Edited by Kirsten Malmkjær, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Translation
    Published online:
    10 March 2022
    Print publication:
    17 March 2022, pp 160-180

  • Summary

    Chapter 8 addresses the question of how and to what extent translation practices have become professions. In sociology, a profession is understood as an occupation that has been formally established, with boundaries determined by a canonized body of knowledge and formulated ethics, methods and technologies and recognition and authority given by the state. In contrast, translation occupations mostly form a heteronomous field that lacks formalized standards and controls. The chapter argues that this reflects a tension between professionalization as defined in sociology and ‘the rules of art’ or ‘the intellectual field’ as described by Bourdieu. In the latter, norms and value-scales depend on practitioners’ ethos and images rather than on institutional parameters.