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5 results

  • 10 - Health, Mental Well-Being, and Coping Strategies

  • Kris Marsh, University of Maryland, College Park
  • Book:
    The Love Jones Cohort
    Published online:
    02 February 2023
    Print publication:
    09 February 2023, pp 145-163

  • Summary

    Chapter 10 examines the public health literature and research on well-being that suggests that being Black and middle class in America does not equate to overall positive health outcomes, due largely to prolonged exposure to racism. Chapter 10 investigates how being Black, middle class, and SALA impacts the health and well-being of the Love Jones Cohort and what coping mechanisms they employ to deal with the challenges they face. Chapter 10 reports that some Cohort members experience situational depression, situational anxiety, or situational loneliness usually stemming from feelings of stress, overwork, and frustration at their financial situations and/or jobs. Moreover, a good number of Cohort members report that their families – despite occasional negative feelings of obligation and responsibility toward them – serve as sources of support, guidance, and love. Many also emphasize the importance of close friendships and augmented families in maintaining well-being and providing a coping mechanism during times of high stress and anxiety.

  • Post-traumatic stress symptoms in an Italian cohort of subjects complaining occupational stress

  • Rodolfo Buselli, Claudia Carmassi, Martina Corsi, Sigrid Baldanzi, Gianmarco Battistini, Martina Chiumiento, Gabriele Massimetti, Liliana Dell’Osso, Alfonso Cristaudo
  • Journal:
    CNS Spectrums / Volume 26 / Issue 5 / October 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 July 2020, pp. 513-520
  • Objective

    Work-related stress presents a significant impact on work performance and physical health. It has been associated with the onset of a multitude of symptoms. The main aim of this investigation is to better understand the impact of post-traumatic stress symptomatology, using a specific self-assessment questionnaire, in subjects experiencing occupational stress with the rationale to address the variegated symptoms expressed by this particular population in a post-traumatic dimensional perspective.

    Methods

    Authors collected socio-demographic, occupational, and clinical data. They utilized Trauma and Loss Spectrum Self Report (TALS-SR), a questionnaire investigating post-traumatic stress symptoms. The population size was 345 subjects who presented at the Occupational Health Department of a university hospital over a 3 years period (2016–2018).

    Results

    Data analysis revealed 33.9% of subjects who met post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria. Gender distribution of this set was (36.4% female, 31% male). A family history or personal history of mental disorders were related to higher scores in almost all TALS-SR domains and were related, respectively, to higher scores of criterion B “intrusion symptoms” (P = .014), criterion D “negative alterations in cognitions and mood” (P = .023), and criterion E “arousal” (P = .033) of PTSD. Differences in TALS-SR scores also emerged based on age and gender.

    Conclusions

    PTSD symptoms manifest at a significant level in those who experience work-related stress. Personal background of individuals, both in terms of family and personal history for mental disorders, seems to increase their vulnerability to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms. This study suggests the importance of evaluating occupational stress from a post-traumatic stress perspective also at an early stage.

  • Work-related stressors, depression and quality of life in Danish managers

  • P. Bech, M.B. Andersen, G. Bech-Andersen, S. Tønnesen, E. Agnarsdottir, V. Borg
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 20 / Issue S3 / October 2005
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 April 2020, pp. S318-S325
  • Background

    By use of valid questionnaires to investigate work-related stress and distress in Danish managers.

    Methods

    The survey focused on members of the Danish Association of Managers and Executives who no longer were active (formermanagers' group). Acting managers (active managers' group) served as controls. Questionnaires measuring stressors at work and general life events were used. For the measurement of distress, scales for depression and quality of life were used.

    Results

    The Mokken analysis proved the validity of the questionnaires, i.e. their summed-up total scores were sufficient statistics. No differences were found between former (n = 1256) and active managers (n = 942) as to life events. Approximately 20% of former managers were at risk of depression and 12% had developed major depression. Among the specific work-related stressors were role overload, lack of team spirit and lack of social support. The percentage of active managers at risk of or suffering from major depression did not differ significantly from the Danish general population. Approximately 37% of the former managers had a decreased well-being. Alcohol use was found to be significantly associated with depression.

    Conclusions

    The study identified specific work-related stressors in managers, 12% of whom developed a major depression.

  • A Review of Contemporary Research on the Relationship Between Occupational Stress and Social Support: Where Are We Now?

  • Martha Knox Haly
  • Journal:
    The Australasian Journal of Organisational Psychology / Volume 2 / 01 August 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 February 2012, pp. 44-63
    Print publication:
    01 August 2009

  • The Occupational social support model has been described as producing weak and inconsistent results. There have been assertions that it has lost its popularity as an explanatory construct. However, lack of social support within workplaces has been implicated in the majority of work stress claims and is becoming a focal point of safety prosecutions against Australian employers for failure to provide a psychologically safe workplace. This article presents a review of contemporary (since 1999) cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that measure supervisory or co-worker support as a variable of interest in the published literature. The review examines the theoretical models, as well as general findings associated from over 61 studies. While there is substantial variation in the magnitude of effects, the majority of studies consistently produce positive evidence of the role of social support in offsetting the effects of strain. The review notes several well-constructed longitudinal studies, the increasing popularity of structural equation modelling, and the continued dominance of the Job Demands Control Support Model. The discussion includes consideration of studies where no mitigating effect was found for social support, and concludes that the magnitude of social support effect is determined by the history and context of social support being offered.