The pandemic is an undeniably stressful factor on a planetary scale. Life meaning, specific meaning-life orientations, and aspects of locus of control mediate one’s relationship to one’s life circumstances. Thus, the noetic part of human existence can relate to the perception of the pandemic.

The study aimed to examine the relationship between life-meaning orientations and nonspecific emotional reactions in HIV-infected patients during the second wave of the pandemic.

The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. We used the Purpose-in-Life Test to examine life-meaning orientations and the DASS-21 to diagnose depression, anxiety, and stress. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia.

We obtained the following mean values on the PiLT scales: “general index of life meaningfulness” — M = 94.39±19.71; “goals in life” — M = 30.80±7.75; “life process” — M = 26.93±6.66; “life performance” — M = 23.69±6.66; “locus of control — Me” — M = 19. 61±5.05; “locus of control — life” — M = 25.90±7.43. All PiLT scales had statistically significant negative correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress, except “life process,” which was not associated with anxiety (rxy = -0.215, p > 0.05).

In the COVID-19 pandemic, life meaningfulness, ability to manage life, and freedom of choice may be considered as predictors of emotional well-being among patients living with HIV. The method of the existential psychotherapy can be effective apply among this group of patients.

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Homicide is the most serious, radical and irreversible criminal act. It arouses a multitude of questions and fears. Committed by women, the homicide seems more unusual and weird.

Our objective is to describe the circumstances of the homicide committed by Tunisian women

This study was retrospective and descriptive. It focused on the files of criminal psychiatric expertise and involved female accused subjects.We have collected all the criminal expert reports carried out over a period of 24 years (from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2021)

This study included 21 women who committed homicide.The majority of victims of homicide or attempted homicide (85.6%) belonged to the family circle of the accused.Five women (23.8% ) committed this act against their children and four women (19.1%) committed this act against their husbands.The means most used in homicide and its attempt were immolation (23.8%), strangulation (23.8%) and blows (23.8%).

Among those charged with homicide or its attempt, seven (33.3%) presented a personality disorder, 14.3% a depressive disorder, 14.3% a moderate intellectual disability, 4.8% a schizophrenia and 4. 8% mild intellectual disability.

This female criminality, in particular homicide, would find their explanations in different factors and the existence of a mental disorder at the origin of deviant behavior in women seems to be a significant factor in the determinism of such behavior. Much effort remains to be made to apply preventive measures.

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Sleep is one of the most important factors for well-being. Numerous studies have linked poor sleep to negative consequences such as depression (Guo et al., 2014), substance use (Comasco et al., 2010), obesity (Wu et al., 2015), and suicidality (Liu & Buysse, 2006). Understanding the causes of poor sleep is an important public health concern. Childhood trauma can have a lifelong influence on mental health and development. However, many examinations of childhood trauma focus on the number of experiences and not the impact of specific experiences. Research has shown gender differences in both insomnia and childhood maltreatment outcomes (Lee et al., 2014); however, less attention has been paid to the potential role of gender in the link between other types of childhood trauma and sleep disturbance.

The goal of the current study is to understand the role of gender in the relationship between childhood traumas and sleep problems among a community sample of emerging adults. This research aims to build on and extend previous work in three different ways: 1) add to the literature on childhood trauma among emerging adults; 2) examine specific types of childhood traumas; and 3) expand the categories to explore the role of some less studied adversities.

The study included a sample of 211 young adults from an urban community. Traumas were measured with the Brief Trauma Questionnaire (BTQ; Schnurr et al., 1999) and sleep was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989). Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios for the relationship between sleep problems and five traumas (involved in a serious accident, experienced serious injury, violent death of a close family member or friend, witnessed someone’s serious injury or death, and natural disaster).

Results showed that males and females experienced similar rates of trauma. Trauma experienced during childhood was associated with an increased prevalence of poor sleep. In the male model, being involved in a serious accident (OR=1.47), experiencing serious injury (OR=1.24), and experiencing a natural disaster (OR=1.11) were all significantly associated with poor sleep. In the female model, the violent death of a close family member or friend (OR=2.02), witnessing someone’s serious injury or death (OR=1.78), and experiencing a natural disaster (OR=1.69) were all significantly associated with poor sleep.

Traumatic events may impact men and women differently. Women in the study showed greater sleep problems in the wake of childhood traumatic events. They also responded more strongly to events that they saw happening to other people, while men were more greatly affected by things that happened directly to them. Natural disasters are a relatively common event that has a strong impact on sleep. Intervention efforts addressing trauma and poor sleep should be aware of gender differences for greater efficacy.

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Self-harm (SH) is common, in particular among young people. It can be seen in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, ranging from anti-social personality disorders to schizophrenia and mood disorders. In the extreme, self-harm can be functionally life-threatening. Such is the case of phlebotomy, emasculations and self-amputation. The severity of certain damage and the urgency of an initial somatic treatment contribute to make self-harm one of the most frequent reasons for intervention in liaison psychiatry.

Through our case series and a literature review, we tried to describe the socio-demographic and psychopathological characteristics of the self-harmers and to identify the specificities of their management in liaison psychiatry.

It is a descriptive cross-sectional study, in the psychiatric department of a general hospital in Rabat, concerning patients evaluated for SH with or without other psychiatric manifestations. The data collected are analysed using the statistical software ‘JAMOVI’. Patients seen in psychiatric consultations, in medical-surgical emergencies or in liaison psychiatry for SH were included. Patients already hospitalized in psychiatry were excluded.

35 patients were recruted of who 65.7% were male. 68.6% were single. 51.4% had a low socio-economic level and 42.9% had an average level. 48.6% had a psychiatric history of which 22.9% had attempted suicide. Abuse was present in 34.3%, family separation in 22.9%, death of a parent in 20% while no patient reported sexual abuse. The most common method used was a razor blade in 57.1% of cases. The most mutilated site was the forearms in 65.7%, following a frustration in 60% and a conflict situation in 25.7%. 48.6% were hospitalised (34.5% in psychiatry, 5.6% in intensive care and 5.6% in otorhinolaryngology).

Self-harm is a frequent pathological behaviour whose incidence is increasing. Understanding the psychological and biological basis of self-harm will help to improve the management of these patients and prevent the recurrence of this dangerous behavior and its complication by suicide.

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Since the start of the COVID19 pandemic, numerous patients have exhibited symptoms related to the viral infection once the acute phase has resolved. The most frequent are fatigue or weakness, cognitive difficulties, insomnia, and anxiety or depression. It has been observed that the persistence of these symptoms is more common in cases of severe infections.

We expose a case that exemplifies it; A 60-year-old man suffering from severe COVID19 infection during 2021, with bilateral pneumonia and secondary pneumothorax. Three months after the acute episode, he continues to present related symptoms, such as dyspnea, asthenia, arthromyalgia, nausea, hyporexia, memory lapses, anxiety and depressive mood with apathy, anhedonia and suicidal ideas.

The patient starts follow-up in Mental Health and antidepressant treatment with Vortioxetine 10mg. In the following months he presented significant improvement consisting in decrease of the asthenia, dyspnea, arthromyalgia and especially in anxious symptoms and depressive mood, disappearing the apathy, anhedonia and suicidal ideation. However, the persistence of memory failures draws attention, which remain in a similar degree or with slight subjective improvement.

The exploration and complementary test were the following:

• - Chest CT: Hydropneumothorax, parenchymal infiltrates, alveolar consolidations, left lamellar pneumothorax.

• - Head CT, complete analysis, microbiological and cytological studies without relevant resolution.

• - Assessment by the Rehabilitation and Neurology service.

This case exposes the existence of a post-COVID syndrome, where the symptoms related to the infection persist, including anxious-depressive symptoms of moderate-severe intensity. The different diagnoses that were considered were the following: Post-COVID syndrome, Adjustment disorder with mixed anxious-depressive symptomatology, Depressive episode.

We consider that in this case and in others that are similar, which are increasingly common in routine clinical practice, the etiopathogenesis of the syndrome is of interest. We found that it is difficult to discern the origin of the symptoms, not being able to differentiate an adaptive difficulty to the infection situation (added to the COVID pandemic context), versus a more organic affectation that improves when receiving pharmacological treatment, as in this case with antidepressants.

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Non-invasive brain stimulation protocols are effective treatments for depressive episodes. Although the cognitive adverse effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are well documented, evidence regarding the cognitive effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is mixed.

The aim of this study was to synthesize research on the cognitive effects of non-invasive brain stimulation protocols and to differentiate between studies of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar depression and mixed populations.

Following a systematic literature search of multiple electronic databases, a series of meta-analyses were conducted to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD) between pre- and post-treatment cognitive functioning across nine cognitive domains. Where possible, SMDs were estimated separately for MDD, bipolar depression and mixed populations. In studies that included both patients with MDD and bipolar depression, the percentage of patients with a diagnosis of bipolar depression was tested as a potential moderator.

More than 150 treatment arms were included in the analyses. For ECT, we observed a small decline in language functioning and a decrease in autobiographical memory scores. There was no evidence of pre-post differences across other cognitive domains. For rTMS and tDCS, small to moderate cognitive improvements were observed for several cognitive domains, for example for executive functioning. Across most analyses, between-study heterogeneity was high and could not be accounted for by differences between MDD, bipolar depression or mixed populations.

There was limited evidence that differentiation between studies of MDD, bipolar depression and mixed populations accounted for between-study heterogeneity in analyses of pre-post differences in cognitive functioning. Given that most studies included both patients with MDD and bipolar depression, this finding should be treated as preliminary. Across all the treatment protocols examined, more data are needed to investigate the cognitive effects of non-invasive brain stimulation in patients with bipolar depression.

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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a devastating neurodegenerative condition with several clinical presentations for which there is currently no effective treatment. Although much less common than Alzheimer’s disease, the impact of FTD is high thanks to its relatively early onset and high heritability. This subtype of brain atrophy production decided the frontal and temporal lobes.

Clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative and psychiatric syndromes complicate diagnosis. Three different subtypes are recognized: behavioral variant, non-fluent aphasia, and progressive semantic dementia.

Clinical review of frontotemporal dementia including the clinics, determination of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis with a clinical case report.

Bibliographic research with the terms dementia, frontotemporal dementia.

The current clinical case follows a patient in her fifties, born in Brazil, who has a child and a poor social support network. No significant history, celebrating at least two years marked by an evolution framework of progressive change in verbal memory, increase in verbal influence, change in executive functions, namely, and definition of verbal decision.

In general terms, behavioral and language alterations are the dominant aspects of this type of dementia and as characteristics common to the various subgroups of FTD.

FTD is a catastrophic clinical entity thanks to its beginning, the exuberance of the clinical picture, and mainly the lack of treatment with guidance aimed at relieving symptoms and improving the patient’s quality of life.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has brought many changes to everyday life of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of restrictions due to Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents: changes in everyday life that can potentially have an impact on their mental health, the prevalence and worsening of social anxiety symptoms and consequent depression symptoms

To evaluate the impact of restrictions due to Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents: changes in everyday life that can potentially have an impact on their mental health, the prevalence and worsening of social anxiety symptoms and consequent depression symptoms

Anonymised questionnaires were used to collect the data. They were given to the patients staying in the department of psychiatry of Children’s Clinical University Hospital in Riga, Jugla as well as to some adolescents visiting child psychiatrist in outpatient settings from January till the end of April, 2022. The following personal data were collected - age, gender, family status - as well as information about different factors affecting the mental health of adolescents during the pandemic: how often they spent time with friends, whether or not they have lost any friends, distance learning, seeking help from mental health professionals, quality of sleep and a chance to receive emotional support. Patients also filled Liebowitz social anxiety scale and PHQ-9: modified for adolescents’ depression scale.

Restrictions due to pandemic mostly affect the participants negatively, promoting the worsening of social anxiety symptoms in 42% of the respondents with positive results of the Liebowitz scale. Statistically significant connection between social anxiety and depression symptoms was found. During the pandemic most of the patients were more often seeking professional help. Patients with worsening social anxiety symptoms were found to have statistically significant connection to losing friends during the pandemic. Most of the recipients with already diagnosed social anxiety were given this diagnosis during the pandemic (67% of the cases).

The restrictions due to Covid – 19 pandemics negatively affect adolescents including those with social anxiety, promoting the worsening of symptoms as well as prevalence of depression symptoms in these individuals. The results suggest that coping strategies must be implemented in order to decrease the consequences of the pandemic on adolescents.

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Numerous guidelines are bending the rule of monotherapy as initial treatment of acute manic episodes and suggest the importance of polytherapy in maximising the treatment efficacy.

To assess the polytherapy used in the management of acute manic episodes and the degree of conformity of our prescriptions with international guidelines.

A retrospective study was carried out for descriptive purposes, targeting the drugs prescribed among patients admitted for the first time for a manic episode within the psychiatry « C » department of Sfax, Tunisia between 2019 and 2022. Patients who received ambulatory care prior to the current episode were excluded.

Our study included 50 male inpatients, with a median age of 31.8 years (min=18, max=62) at the moment of their hospitalisation. Nearly two thirds were single, 82% didn’t get postsecondary education and 65.3% had a profession. The majority (73.5%) belonged to upper-middle class and 67.3% had social security. A quarter of the patients suffered from substance abuse and 14% had a criminal record. Around 89.8% individuals presented a manic episode with psychotic features. The symptoms included mainly heteroaggressiveness in three quarters of cases, agitation in 77.1% and insomnia 76.1%. Insight was good in 79.6% of cases. Polytherapy was preferred to monotherapy in 86% of cases. Bitherapy was used in 74% of cases and tritherapy in only 12%. The most frequent combination was a mood stabilizer plus a second-generation antipsychotic (46%), risperidone plus sodium valproate being used in 34% of cases.

Overall, our prescriptions were in line with the international guidelines and the choice of polytherapy was well argued. Combination therapy is the suggested way to increase treatment efficacy, however, vigilance is required because of the increased risk of side effects.

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Cross-sectional data has shown that compassion for self and from others may be a protective factor for greater psychosocial wellbeing in the COVID-19 pandemic whilst fears of compassion act as a risk factor for experiencing mental health difficulties.

The current study sought out to explore the natural fluctuation of compassion (for self, for others and from others) and of fears of compassion (for self, for others and from others) across time during the COVID-19 pandemic in a multinational community sample.

Data from 4057 participants from 21 countries was collected at 3 time points during the pandemic (baseline, 3 months and 6 months). Other than demographic variables, participants completed the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales and the Fears of Compassion Scales. Multilevel latent growth modelling was used to investigate the main aims.

There was a significant increase in compassion for self and from others, whilst compassion for others remained unchanged throughout the 3 time points [Chi square 349.30(df=50) p< .001; RMSEA .035; CFI .93; TLI .91; SRMR (within) .043; SRMR (between) .70]. Fears of self-compassion and compassion for others significantly reduced throughout the pandemic whilst fears of compassion from others remained stable [Chi square 406.57(df=50) p< .001; RMSEA .038; CFI .96; TLI .94; SRMR (within) .042; SRMR (between) .35].

The findings from this study seem to suggest that in a period of shared suffering people from multiple countries and nationalities tend to become more compassionate and less afraid of and resistant to compassion for and from others.

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A new interpretation of the normalised “Wayfinding” design task offers the opportunity to become an important element of the larger clinical and architectural project for a new “core” expansion of a large regional psychiatric hospital in the South-East of the UK. We call this new approach Waymaking, as it goes beyond signage, leveraging our deep-set knowledge and understanding of the entire project at all scales.

Waymaking at the Rivers Centre for Mental Health (Rivers) begins with the exploration of movement narratives into and around its larger site. It turns a classic design task into a design opportunity on all scales, starting with an urban design and planning perspective, through to the architectural and landscape design decisions outside of the building and into the specific on-ward atmospheres in a manner integrated with the detail interior design decisions of colour, built-in-furniture and others.

Rivers has been carefully composed out of existing structures as well as smaller new-build and extension buildings. These are all set within a large, sloping site of noteworthy natural beauty. As such, Rivers can well be understood as a hillside village or campus of health - rather than as a traditional “hospital.” As a health village, Rivers provides spatial sequencing as the landscape design directly introduces a series of smaller, more human scale spaces built and natural all of which together aid in orientation and identity across the site. This will help support the daily use of the buildings by all stakeholders.

This strategy has been “baked-in“ to the architectural design as well, strategically distributed retreat/recovery spaces allow for space for de-escalation or relaxation. These can be found in the form of regular niches in the hallways and “porch” entrance spaces, usually with built-in benches and bespoke lighting elements. In addition to creating orientation affordances, these also provide opportunities for neurodivergent persons (ie. ASD, learning disabilities, etc.) to better understand and master independent movement around the Centre.

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Youth suicide is a significant public health problem resulting in a major social and economic burden for communities and a devastating impact on families.

The present study, which is part of a continuing research on attempted suicide among adolescents conducted in Northern Greece since 1990, explored the circumstances and characteristics of adolescent suicide attempters, comparing them with a clinical sample of adolescents with no suicidal behavior.

We retrospectively studied medical records and collected clinical data, sociodemographic and family characteristics of adolescents (all diagnoses except attempted suicide) referred to the Adolescent Unit of the AHEPA General Hospital for assessment and treatment between 2008 and 2018 (N = 160) and we compared them with our sample of adolescent suicide attempters (N = 182).

Of the 342 cases reviewed, 71.6% were female and aged 12 to 19 years (M = 15.39, SD = 1.81). Chi-square analyses showed that, compared with patients with no suicidal behavior, attempters were more frequently diagnosed with personality disorder and mood disorder. No differences were found between groups for substance-use disorder, psychosis, eating disorder and somatic symptom disorder. Attempters were also living in more problematic circumstances, such as such as severe family dysfunction and/or impairment, reported significantly more conflict with parents, had more school problems and had experienced romantic disappointment (see Table 1).Table 1.Comparisons between suicide attempters and nonsuicidal comparison group on family psychosocial characteristics

These findings highlight risk factors for suicide attempts and inform the development of suicide models that improve identification of adolescents at greatest risk to making a suicide attempt.

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Student well-being is an area of increasing interest for schools around the world. However, the extent to which school-based well-being and mental health interventions are currently being delivered by different schools has not previously been explored in many countries, including New Zealand.

This survey of a nationally-representative sample of schools was undertaken to identify: what well-being and mental health interventions were being used by primary (elementary) and secondary (high) schools and what gaps exist between current practice and the evidence-base.

Forty staff from 37 (22 primary, 13 secondary and 2 composite) schools across New Zealand participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed for key themes and subthemes using Braun and Clarke’s method.

Seven key themes were identified: 1) staff awareness and enthusiasm about student well-being and mental health; 2) existence of specific interventions to support student well-being and mental health; 3) support for government-sponsored programmes; 4) limitations of existing programmes; 5) drivers of new interventions; 6) barriers to implementation; and 7) suggestions for future interventions and their implementation.

Despite enthusiasm from educators for interventions with which to improve student well-being, there is a gap between intention and activity. Students are receiving primarily non-evidence based interventions in a variable manner due to staff and cost-related barriers. We suggest ways for health and education providers in New Zealand and elsewhere to address these issues, as well as avenues for further research.

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Vaccination against SARSCov-19 all over Europe reached over 80% of adult population confronting the pandemic burden on National Health Systems. On the contrary large parts of population remained unvaccinated. These groups are mainly individuals with poor socioeconomic status and psychiatric patients

to determine the ratio of fully vaccinated patients among the hospitalized and outpatient of Psychiatric Hospital of Attika. The reason of vaccination avoidance recorded by the clinician

The study has done retrospectively and included 2583 psychiatric patients who are hospitalized or are visiting the Outpatient clinic. A concise questionnaire was formed to record the main reason of avoidance (Denial/Medical Issues/ Loss of follow up/ other)

520 out of 2583 (21%) remained not fully vaccinated throughout the pandemic and denial by the patient was the main reason (55%). The reasons recorded at the patient’s file by the physician are shown at table 1.Table 1

main reasons of vaccine avoidance.

Psychiatric patients belong to a high probability group for vaccine avoidance. In our study the frequency of unvaccinated psychiatric patients found greater than healthy population and the main reason is patient decision not to consent. Loss of information, distrust, inadequate social help are causes of poor decision making and consequent low quality health services

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Neoplastic disease affects all aspects of life. People with cancer may experience a variety of emotions and reactions to their new reality that may be mild or intense, transitory or permanent.

The aim of our study was to assess the psychological distress of patients with breast cancer.

Cross-sectional descriptive study including patients followed for breast cancer at the outpatient medical oncology consultation of Hadj Ali Soua regional hospital from January to March 2021. We used the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-S)” for the assessment of anxiety and depression.

Fifteen patients were included with a mean age of 49.87 ± 8.48 years and a mean age at diagnosis of 46.73 ± 7.55 years. At the TNM classification, 66.6% of the patients had a T1 or T2 at the time of diagnosis and 80% had an N0. All patients received a surgical intervention which was conservative in 53.3% of cases. No patient underwent breast reconstruction. Chemotherapy and hormone therapy were prescribed in 86.7% of patients. The mean anxiety and depression scores according to the HAD-S were 9.53 and 4.93, respectively. The majority of our patients had no depressive symptoms (80%) against only 2 patients (13.33%) with depressive symptoms. On the other hand, most of our patients were anxious: 6 patients (40%) showed probably clinically relevant levels of anxiety (score of 11 or higher) and 5 patients showed possibly clinically relevant levels of anxiety (scores of 8 or higher) (33,33%).

Our study revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress. The presence of clinical psychologists in the medical oncology department and the training of nursing staff in psycho-oncology are essential for the overall care of patients with cancer.

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Hyperprolactinemia is a commonly encountered adverse effect of antipsychotic medication. Short and long-term repercussions of high prolactin, such as amenorrhea, sexual dysfunction, osteopenia and increased cardiovascular risk carry significant burden and may compromise therapeutic adherence. Despite its serious practical implications, hyperprolactinemia is still underscreened and its management neglected.

To review current clinical guidelines regarding the management of hyperprolactinemia associated with the use of antipsychotics, reflecting upon the importance and need to share the management of this risk with an endocrinology expert.

We performed a literature review to identify clinical guidelines containing specific recommendations for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia (British Association of Psychopharmacology [BAP], NICE, Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines, Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists), published over the last ten years, with a particular focus on its physical risks.

Most guidelines do not recommend routine monitoring of prolactin levels in asymptomatic patients. NICE and BAP guidelines have suggested measuring the baseline prolactin level, but have not specified follow-up monitoring, while Maudsley guidelines have. Management strategies depend on factors such as sex, age, as well as the clinical manifestations that ensue. Different treatment strategies have been described, such as decreasing the dose of the antipsychotic, switching antipsychotics, adding aripiprazole or adding dopaminergic agonists. Referral to an endocrinology specialist should be made if the aetiology is unclear, prolactin levels continue to rise despite some intervention, the hyperprolactinaemia is severe (>3000 mIU/L) or there is suspected/confirmed pituitary adenoma. Further physical implications of having hyperprolactin are to be dressed by the endocrinology expert, namely those on bone metabolism, gonodal function and cancer risk.

Given the widespread use of antipsychotics and the need to have psychotic patients stabilized (sometimes with a lack of effective alternative), early detection and shared management of hyperprolactinemia are instrumental towards assisting both clinician’s and patients’ decision-making, be it towards lowering prolactin levels or managing its risk without compromising the antipsychotic’s efficacy.

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The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant psychological and physical impact throughout the world. Indeed, the rapid increase in the number of cases of infection created stressful situations and an anxiety-inducing climate that significantly affected the mental health of the world’s population, particularly that of healthcare workers (HCWs) who were massively mobilized to deal with the crisis.

To assess the frequency of anxiety-depressive disorders in HCWs who have contracted the SARS-Cov2 virus.

Cross-sectional descriptive study interested the HCWs of the Charles Nicolle Hospital of Tunis having had COVID-19 during the period from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. The psychological impact was studied through the HAD questionnaire (anxiety and depression assessment scale), administered to hospital workers at the time of the medical visit to return to work.

The study population consisted of 531 Hcws. The mean age was 40 years with extremes ranging from 24 to 63 years. A female predominance of 76.6% was noted. The average professional seniority was 10 years [one year-37 years]. Nurses were the main professional category (32.4%). The study population belonged mainly to the departments of gynecology (8.3%), general surgery (7.2%), internal medicine (6.4%), and emergency (5.5%). A pathological history was found in 89.6% of cases, 7.2% of which were psychiatric. Anxiety (total score >10) was noted in 36.5% of patients. On the other hand, a certain depression (total score “depression” >10) was found in 33.3% of HCWs.

The COVID-19 pandemic induced a significant psychological impact on the HCWs placed in the first line in the management of this health crisis. As a result, long-term psychological follow-up of healthcare workers is essential in order to preserve health at work in care settings.

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Mega cisterna magna is a developmental malformation of the posterior fossa, the cisterna magna is larger than normal, and the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres are morphologically normal. (Zimmer EZ et al. Obstet 2007; 276:487-490.) Although the relationship between this anomaly and psychiatric disorders is emphasized, its nature has not fully understood.

In this abstract, we report a case of schizophrenia with mega cisterna magna. We aimed to draw attention to the relationship between congenital malformations and schizophrenia since studies on congenital malformations were mostly conducted with epilepsy in the literature. (Lishman’s Organic Psychiatry: A Textbook of Neuropsychiatry, Fourth Edition, Chapter 6, 2009.)

The patient is a 28-year-old male, single, secondary school graduate and unemployed. The patient known to has used volatile substance, cannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids between the ages of 15-22 and has a psychiatric history of approximately 8 years. He had a total of 5 hospitalizations, the last of which was in our clinic 2 years ago. The patient, who was known to have no substance use for 6 years, had negative symptoms for about 4 years. According to the information received from the patient’s relatives, he was admitted to our clinic with complaints of decreased mobility, decreased communication, refusal to eat and drink, decreased sleep, self-talk, standing for a long time and looking at a single point; which had started in the last 10 days after non-compliance of treatment for the last 3 weeks.

The physical and the neurologic examinations were unremarkable. In the psychiatric examination, he was conscious, oriented, and cooperative. Self-care and psychomotor activity were decreased. His mood and affect were dysphoric and limited. His speech rate, spontaneity and intonation were decreased. His thought content couldn’t be evaluated properly because of the mutism. His attention was decreased. Laboratory studies were unremarkable. Non-contrast brain CT and MRI showed an appearance compatible with mega cisterna magna in the mid-left parasagittal area in the retrocerebellar region. There was a history of staying in NICU for 8 days when he was a newborn. There was no family history of psychiatric illness.

The relationship between psychosis and clinical significance of MCM has not defined completely yet. Although the case we selected is rarely seen, there is one more example in the literature.(Karayilan S et al. Anatolian Psychiatry Journal; Sivas Vol. 14, Iss. 1, (Mar 2013):90-92.) Maybe the reason why there is so limited information in the literature on this topic is that congenital malformations are presented at a much younger age than psychosis with neurological diseases such as epilepsy. In conclusion, perhaps more detailed clinical follow-ups of these cases will enable new reports.

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As social stress includes social isolation, urban living, trauma and many other stressful events but social stress in context of workplace or job stress includes different factors. As in the case of social stress present at job place can be identified as a stress that is caused by planned social isolation or lack of social support at workplace. Bullying behavior of colleagues of an employee might also add up to the social stress (Øverli & Sørensen, 2016). Job stress factors also involves harassment on the hand of boss that is most often described as yelling, shouting, insulting and behaving oddly in front of other colleagues. All these factors can be quite stressful for an employee and also comes under the umbrella of social stress. This type of stress, if prolonged and adds other factors can also cause increased risk of psychoses.

Following study has certain clear objectives mentioned subsequently:

1. To investigate the prevalence of stressful work environment in association with prodromal psychosis for public and private sector employees

2. To investigate the difference between male and female employees for association of work stress with prodromal psychosis.

In this Study cross sectional method will be used. The following two scales The Brief Work Stress Questionnaire to measure work stress and Prodromal Questionnaire, Brief Version (PQ-B) for measurement of prodromal psychosis will be used.

For this study a sample of 300 consisting of doctors, teachers and banking officials (100 each) will be included using convenient sampling technique. The data will be collected from different work occupations like government and private sector. Male and female sample will be collected equally.

The objective of the present study is therefore to inspect the symptoms of prodromal psychosis among employees belonging to different occupations. Further to explore its relationship with work stress and other social and clinical demographics. Reliability analysis was done using Cronbach’s Alpha. Internal consistency of instruments was measured by Cronbach’s Alpha. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment was also used to analyze frequencies, demographic variables percentage. Independent Sample T-test was also used for assessment of gender difference.

This research was conducted to check the prevalence of job stress and its relation to prodromal psychosis in private and government employees in different job occupations. Other objective of this study was to explore the gender differences of job stress and prodromal psychosis among different genders as well as in different civil and private job occupations.

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This talk will cover two common areas of confusion. First, the relationship between personal recovery and clinical recovery will be described, using recent meta-analytic evidence. It will be argued that personal recovery is not the same as clinical recovery, and that there is now an established policy and practice consensus that supporting personal recovery is the primary aim of mental health systems. Traditional clinical recovery-oriented treatments which target for example symptomatology or relapse prevention can for many people with mental health issues contribute to their recovery at points in their lives, but for others different approaches are needed. This variation in clinical need is addressed in the second area – patient-rated measures. The rationale for measures of experiential knowledge will be given. A distinction will be drawn between Patient-rated outcome measures (PROMs) and Patient-rated experience measures (PREMs), and between peer-developed patient-generated PROMs (PG-PROMs) compared with those developed by non-peer research teams. It will be argued that modern mental health systems should be judged by their impact on recovery, as measured using PROMs and PREMs in preference to staff-rated measures.

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