The European impact of the clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) paradigm is constrained by the lack of critical mass (detection) to power prognostic and preventive interventions.

An ITAlian partnership for psychosis prevention (ITAPP) was created across CHR-P centers, which were surveyed to describe: (a) service, catchment area, and outreach; (b) service users; and (c) interventions and outcomes. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan–Meier failure function complemented the analyses.

The ITAPP included five CHR-P clinical academic centers established from 2007 to 2018, serving about 13 million inhabitants, with a recruitment capacity of 277 CHR-P individuals (mean age: 18.7 years, SD: 4.8, range: 12–39 years; 53.1% females; 85.7% meeting attenuated psychotic symptoms; 85.8% without any substance abuse). All centers were multidisciplinary and included adolescents and young adults (transitional) primarily recruited through healthcare services. The comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental state was the most widely used instrument, while the duration of follow-up, type of outreach, and preventive interventions were heterogeneous. Across 205 CHR-P individuals with follow up (663.7 days ± 551.7), the cumulative risk of psychosis increased from 8.7% (95% CI 5.3–14.1) at 1 year to 15.9% (95% CI 10.6–23.3) at 2 years, 21.8% (95% CI 14.9–31.3) at 3 years, 34.8% (95% CI 24.5–47.9) at 4 years, and 51.9% (95% CI 36.3–69.6) at 5 years.

The ITAPP is one of the few CHR-P clinical research partnerships in Europe for fostering detection, prognosis, and preventive care, as well as for translating research innovations into practice.

One common denominator to the clinical phenotypes of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is emotion regulation impairment. Although these two conditions have been extensively studied separately, it remains unclear whether their emotion regulation impairments are underpinned by shared or distinct neurobiological alterations.

We contrasted the neural correlates of negative emotion regulation across an adult sample of BPD patients (n = 19), MDD patients (n = 20), and healthy controls (HCs; n = 19). Emotion regulation was assessed using an established functional magnetic resonance imaging cognitive reappraisal paradigm. We assessed both task-related activations and modulations of interregional connectivity.

When compared to HCs, patients with BPD and MDD displayed homologous decreased activation in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) during cognitive reappraisal. In addition, the MDD group presented decreased activations in other prefrontal areas (i.e., left dorsolateral and bilateral orbitofrontal cortices), while the BPD group was characterized by a more extended pattern of alteration in the connectivity between the vlPFC and cortices of the visual ventral stream during reappraisal.

This study identified, for the first time, a shared neurobiological contributor to emotion regulation deficits in MDD and BPD characterized by decreased vlPFC activity, although we also observed disorder-specific alterations. In MDD, results suggest a primary deficit in the strength of prefrontal activations, while BPD is better defined by connectivity disruptions between the vlPFC and temporal emotion processing regions. These findings substantiate, in neurobiological terms, the different profiles of emotion regulation alterations observed in these disorders.

To examine the mortality risk of current and life-time depressive as well as anxiety disorders, whether this risk is moderated by sex or age, and whether this risk can be explained by lifestyle and/or somatic health status.

A cohort study (Lifelines) including 141,377 participants (18–93 years) which were followed-up regarding mortality for 8.6 years (range 3.0–13.7). Baseline depressive and anxiety disorders according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria were assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and lifetime diagnoses by self-report. All-cause mortality was retrieved from Statistics Netherlands. Cox-regression was applied to calculate proportional hazard ratios, adjusted for lifestyle (physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, and body mass index) and somatic health status (multimorbidity and frailty) in different models.

The mortality rate of depressive and anxiety disorders was conditional upon age but not on sex. Only in people below 60 years, current depressive and anxiety disorders were associated with mortality. Only depressive disorder and panic disorder independently predicted mortality when all mental disorders were included simultaneously in one overall model (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.18 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.56–3.05], p < 0.001 and HR = 2.39 [95% CI: 1.15–4.98], p = 0.020). Life-time depressive and anxiety disorders, however, were independent of each other associated with mortality. Associations hardly changed when adjusted for lifestyle characteristics but decreased substantially when adjusted for somatic health status (in particular physical frailty).

In particular, depressive disorder is associated with excess mortality in people below 60 years, independent of their lifestyle. This effect seems partly explained by multimorbidity and frailty, which suggest that chronic disease management of depression-associated somatic morbidity needs to be (further) improved.

Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often coexisted in the elderly. This study investigates the effect of late-life depressive symptoms on risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

A total of 14,231 dementia- and MCI free participants aged 60+ from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe were followed-up for 10 years to detect incident MCI. MCI was defined as 1.5 standard deviation (SD) below the mean of the standardized global cognition score. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a 12-item Europe-depression scale (EURO-D). Severity of depressive symptoms was grouped as: no/minimal (score 0–3), moderate (score 4–5), and severe (score 6–12). Significant depressive symptoms (SDSs) were defined as EURO-D score ≥ 4.

During an average of 8.2 (SD = 2.4)-year follow-up, 1,352 (9.50%) incident MCI cases were identified. SDSs were related to higher MCI risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.26, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.10–1.44) in total population, individuals aged 70+ (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14–1.61) and women (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.51) in Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for confounders. In addition, there was a dose–response association between the severity of depressive symptoms and MCI incidence in total population, people aged ≥70 years and women (p-trend <0.001).

Significant depressive symptoms were associated with higher incidence of MCI in a dose–response fashion, especially among people aged 70+ years and women. Treating depressive symptoms targeting older population and women may be effective in preventing MCI.

We aimed to assess the changes in public stigma towards people with mental health problems in Czechia; and to investigate the association between these and the exposure to the ongoing mental health care reform and one of its implementation projects focused on reducing stigma.

We analyzed data from three cross-sectional surveys representative of the Czech adult population. We used linear regression models to compare population attitudes and desire for future contact with people with mental health problems between the 2013/2014 baseline and the 2019 follow-up. In our 2019 sample, we employed linear regression models to assess the relationship between exposure to mental health care reform and nation-wide anti-stigma campaign, and population stigmatizing attitudes and intended behavior. We utilized a propensity score matching procedure to mitigate potential bias.

The 2013, 2014, and 2019 datasets consisted of 1797, 1810, and 1077 participants, respectively. Population attitudes improved significantly between 2014 and 2019 (B = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.06; 1.93), but we did not detect a change in population desire for future contact with people with mental health problems. Exposure to the nationwide anti-stigma campaign or mental health care reform was associated with more favorable attitudes (B = 4.25, 95% CI = 2.07; 6.42 and B = 7.66, 95% CI = 3.91; 11.42), but not with higher desire for future contact with people with mental health problems.

Mental health care reform and its nation-wide anti-stigma project seems to have a positive impact on population attitudes, but not on desire for future contact with people with mental health problems.

Clinical case of 10-year-old patient with anorexia nervosa at the stage of severe cachexia. Features of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and methods of restoration of nutrition. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder (ED), severe pathology, manifested by severe complications, high disability and can cause death. ED has traditionally been perceived as a disease affecting women. However, this pathology occurs men, is 10-25% of the total number of patients with ED, or 1-2% in the population.

Describe the difficulties in identifying ED in men that affect diagnosis and treatment, especially if they are underage patients.

Patient I. 10 years, selectivity in food from 4 years, during the week before hospitalization complete rejection of food and water. When entering the clinic height 127, weight 19 kg, BMI 11. In the clinical picture anxiety, low mood, fear of eating and weight gain. The duration of the disease for about one year. Clinical and psychopathological method.

Diagnosis F50.0 anorexia nervosa in the stage of severe cachexia. Treatment: olanzapine and fluvoxamine in the age dosages, parenteral Kabiven infusion, individual and group psychotherapy. Psychoeducation of parents and Maudsley method therapy. As a result of treatment improved mood, decreased anxiety associated with eating and weight gain. At the time of discharge from the clinic height 127, weight 30 kg, BMI 18.

The clinical case indicates the need to increase the attention of pediatricians, psychologists, psychiatrists and other doctors in connection with the growth and rejuvenation of ED in the male population.

Dissociative experiences have been studied in different circumstances.

In this study we aim to analyze dissociative phenomena under a stress factor: lockdown.

We conducted a cross sectional-study, using an online survey, spread during lockdown period in Tunisia, between the 2nd and the 8th of April. It was comprised of sociodemographic, geographic, medical history, confinement status and DES-II questionnaire in its french version. Age superior than 18 was the only inclusion criteria and the no respect of lockdown was the exclusion criteria. Based on former studies on DES-II, 3 sub scores have been assessed; amnesia (measures memory loss), depersonalization (sense of unreality of the self) and absorption (the absorption has to do with one’s traumatic experiences).

We recruited 167 individuals; 100 women and 67 men. The most common age class was 20 to 30 years old (60.5% of the sample). The Mean total score was 11.06 which was higher than mentioned in earlier studies. The mean score was 15,11 for absorption; 5,28 for amnesia and 6,88 for depersonalization subscale. Significant differences in scores were found based on different variables. Women had higher absorption score (p=0.011). Besides people living in COVID-19 clusters had lower total score (p=0.038). Finally, people with somatic medical history showed higher total score (p=0.013), absorption score (p=0.003) and depersonalization score (p=0.012) compared to those with none.

During lockdown, dissociative experiences showed to be more frequent. But does this mean that a resurgence in PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) or ASD (acute stress disorder) in the months to come.

No significant relationships.

Psychiatric emergency visits have been associated to several climate variables. However, the influence of relative humidity has been not well stablished.

The analyse the influence of relative humidity on emergency care visits.

Daily urgency visits were extracted from electronic medical records of Hospital Universitario La Paz from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. Relative humidity data (%) was obtained from a local climate station. A negative binomial multivariate regression model was performed with relative humidity, weekday and month as covariates.

Relative humidity was not associated with number of psychiatric emergency department visits (IRR 1.00; 95%CI 0.99-1.00)

Relative humidity did not influence emergency help seeking for patients suffering from suicidal phenomena

No significant relationships.

An urgent problem all over the world is the growing number of adolescents with maladaptive (Internet addicted) Internet use.

To study the prevalence of various types of online behavior in adolescents in the southern regions of Siberia (Caucasians and Mongoloids).

4351 adolescents aged 12-18 in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the city of Abakan (Republic of Khakassia) were surveyed. Ethnicity is determined by the nationality of the mother. Online behavior was studied using the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS): adaptive internet use (API) – 27-42 points, non-adaptive (NPI) – 43-64 points and pathological (PPI) ≥ 65 points. The indicators were compared in 2 groups: Caucasians and Mongoloids. The program “Statistica 12” was used, the percentage of the share, the significance of the differences (p) and the values of the Pearson χ2 test were indicated.

Caucasians by their mothers accounted for 3663 (84.2%) and the share of Mongoloids reached 688 (15.8%). AIP was recorded in 44.0% of Caucasians and 7.9% of Mongoloids (p <0.0001; χ2 = 1474.99), NPI was recorded in 34.7% of Caucasians and 6.2% of Mongoloids (p <0.0001; χ2 = 1084.65), PPI was found in 5.5% of Caucasians and 1.7% of Mongoloids (p <0.0001; χ2 = 90.49).

Ethnic features of the prevalence of online behavior in adolescents in the southern regions of Siberia include a higher frequency of NPI and PPI in Caucasians compared to Mongoloids. The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 18-29-22032\18.

The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 18-29-22032\18.

Some attempts are being made to describe the mental health and well-being of the population in relation with the regional specifics in a particular area of the Russia, however, they are rare and local (limited to one region).

The current study aims to identify sociocultural mediation of mental well-being based on its measures in Russia’s regions with different ethno-cultural composition of population.

The study involved 210 men and 403 women aged 14 to 76 years (M = 26.9; SD = 13.7) from six regions of the Russian Federation: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Udmurtia, Sakha, Sverdlovsk and Kemerovo. The mental well-being of participants was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (Tennant et al., 2006; Tennant et al., 2007).

The measures of mental well-being were different in the regions: Moscow (M=51.04; SD=8.03), St.-Petersburg (M=50.05; SD=5.78), Udmurtia (M=47.57; SD=9.50), Sakha (M=50.99; SD=8.47), Sverdlovsk (M=54.86; SD=8.43), Kemerovo (M=51.84; SD=7.51). Using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was found that there are significant differences in the assessment of psychological well-being between study participants from different regions (F = 6.692; p <0.001). Residents from the Sverdlovsk evaluate their mental well-being as significantly better than the ones from Moscow (MD=3.821; p=0.012), St.Petersburg (MD=4.812; p=0.023), the Udmurtia (MD=7.284; p <0.001) and the Sakha (MD=3.869; p=0.003).

Residents from Russia’s regions with different ethno-cultural composition of population demonstrate some difference in mental well-being measures that may be caused by sociocultural factors. The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 17-29-02506.

The topic of research was phenomenon of impaired age self-consciousness in non-psychotic latent schizophrenia patients defined.

To explore features of impaired age self-identity and to determine syndromic affiliation of the syndrome in comparison with premorbid personality disorders traits.

The study sample comprised 141 patients with latent schizophrenia (pseudo neurotic (F21.3 - 64.5%, 91 patients), coenesthopathic (F20.8 - 25.5%, 36 patients) and pseudo psychopathic (F21.4, - 9.9%, 14 patients)) aged 16-31 (average 22.1 years old) in 2007-2019. A follow-up, experimental psychological and clinical study was conducted.

The onset of impaired age self-identity was dominated by a radical drop of the subjective age in self-conscious mind of the patients accompanied by a tormented feeling of loss of self-dependence, role autonomy, helplessness, inability of decision making and to be answerable. Patients described this sudden condition as a loss of ‘maturity feeling’ and return to the juvenile perception of self. In a delusive and unclear manner, phrases such as ‘I feel inferior to others as if a helpless child among adults’, ‘I feel as if my childhood is back’ were uttered. Excessive worrying and enlivening of childhood memories were also included. This correlates to occurrence of humble and sometimes dependent/avoidant behavior, feeling of helplessness and fear with respect to caring for one self, rising subordination and suggestibility.

This phenomenon of regress to earlier ontogenetic level of personal development reported as impaired age self-consciousness can thus be regarded as an obligate form of depersonalization in patients with latent schizophrenia.

Inflammation is an important factor in the pathogenesis of endogenous psychosis. An inducer of inflammatory reactions can be endotoxin aggression of intestinal origin.

To determine the level of inflammation markers and indicators of systemic endotoxinemia in blood of patients with endogenous psychosis in relation to assessment of the treatment effectiveness.

25 patients with endogenous psychosis (F20, F25) were examined before and after treatment. The control group consisted of 25 healthy people. The activity of inflammatory markers - leukocyte elastase, α1-antitrypsin, antibodies to S-100B, and indicators of systemic endotoxinemia – endotoxin concentration and antiendotoxin immunity activity were measured in blood serum. The treatment effectiveness was assessed by the dynamics of inflammatory markers.

Based on the results of determining the studied parameters before treatment, all patients were divided into two groups. In the 1st group (6 patients, 24%), an increase of inflammatory markers activity and high concentration of endotoxin in the blood serum were revealed (p<0,001, p<0,05, respectively). In the 2nd group (19 patients, 76%), only activation of inflammatory reactions (p<0,001) was detected. After therapy in the 1st group of patients, there was no positive dynamics of all studied markers, which indicated an active course of the pathological process. In the 2nd group, the normalization of inflammatory markers was shown (p<0,05), which corresponded to the formation of remission.

The results indicate that endotoxic aggression contributes to reduction of the effectiveness of endogenous psychosis therapy and can be considered as an additional therapeutic target.

Patients with severe mental illness die 10-20 younger from general population. In addition to suicide, preventable physical diseases cause most deaths. The mental illness itself and stigma keep the patients from adequate treatment for physical ilnesses.

We aimed to investigate medical consultations for inpatients with severe mental illnes.

We retrospectively evaluated medical records of patients diagnosed by schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, bipolar disorder, and depression between 1st Februrary 2018 and 30th January 2020. We excluded routine consultations before electroconvulsive treatment. Local ethichs committee approved the study.

Among total 475 consultations, %41.3 (n=196) was for male, and %58.7 (n=279) was for female patients. Mean age and standart deviation were 48.9 ± 13.9 for male, and 50.1 ± 13.7 for female (p>0.05). Comparing sexes oin terms of primer psychiatric diagnoses, the higher proportion was psychotic disorders for male, and for female it was mood disorders (p<0.05). The most consulted departments with percentage and number were: internal medicine %44.0 (n=209), neurology and neurosurgery %15.2 (n=72), physical medicine and rehabilitation %8.2 (n=39), dermatology %7.8 (n=37), cardiology %6.7 (n=32). We compared the proportions of consulted department between male and female. Male patients were consulted to dermatology more than female, and female patient were consulted to gynecology or urology more than male (p<0.05).

Awareness about physical diseases in paients with severe mental illness between healthcare workers, carries the potential to increase the patients’ quality of life and lifespan. For future interventions the focus should involve healthcare worker in internal medicine and neurology, as well as in psychiatry.

No significant relationships.

The analysis of the impact of individuals’ behaviors on their health involves several variables, namely alcoholism. It is necessary to take in account that when anxiety is excessive it may be very disabling and produce many adverse effects, such as unsatisfactory work performance, anxiety disorders, depressive mood and somatic symptoms. These elements affect the Quality of Life (QOL) drastically, while social support of the patients protect QOL.

To assess the quality of life of patients with alcohol use disorders in treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

An exploratory, descriptive and correlational study was carried out. A sociodemographic scale was used, an instrument constructed by the authors that assesses the existence of risk behaviors and protective health behaviors, the Social Support Satisfaction Scale (ESSS), and a quality of life assessment scale (WHOQOL-Bref). Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25 statistics.

Sample consisting of 34 patients with Alcohol Use Disorders. Abstinence time is positively correlated with QOL and negatively correlated with social support satisfaction.

This study shows that in treatment of patients with AUD, longer abstinence times have a positive effect on QOL and overall wellbeing of patients, while being associated with a lower satisfaction with social support. Treatment Units dedicated to AUD should keep striving for maintenance of abstinence due to these positive effects.

Infectious diseases have been humanity’s constant problem throughout history and they have shown how vulnerable we remain. COVID-19, commonly known as coronavirus pandemic, has already triggered a variety of psychological problems including fear, anxiety, and suicidal attempts. It has been hypothesized that immigrants who lost their job and have lower income or lower education level are more worried and fearful.

This paper aims to investigate the psychological conditions and stress level of immigrants in the NPZR. Moreover, the parameters influencing stress levels of the immigrants were analyzed.

Demographics, level of stress and current psychological conditions of participants were gathered and analyzed through a structured survey. Besides, in-person interviews were conducted to explore the responses of the participants to receive more and deeper information.

The sample consists of 110 responders (45.3 % males; 51.8 % females). The findings of the study illustrated that while there was no relationship between gender of the immigrants and the level of stress, participants with low income (27.5 %) and unemployed immigrants (24.2 %) felt more worried and anxious. As time passes, the anxiety level of the participants decreased by 49.1 % but 40.9 % of the participants still experience severe anxiety.

The findings demonstrate that having low income or being unemployed as well as the cancellation of travel plans, are positively related with the depression level of the participants. The result of this paper show that more attention has to be given towards immigrants with low income as they are more vulnerable during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

No significant relationships.

The activity of military personnel is associated with risk and tension which can affect both physical and mental health. Hardiness reflects certain characteristics of a person that can motivate them to take an active part in overcoming difficult circumstances. Thou we considering Hardiness is a resource for the reliability of professional activity. The study was supported by the RFBR #19-013-00799.

Research of Hardiness as a military personnel professional reliability resource.

The research involved 315 participants, male. Average age 20.12 years (min – 18, max – 32). The participants completed 3 standardized questionnaires: The Occupational Stress Survey (Leonova, 2006), The 16 PF Questionnaire (rus. version, Kapustina (eds.), 2001), Hardiness Survey (rus. ver. by Leontiev, Rasskazova, 2006).

In our study Hardiness value was above-average (M = 101.3; SD = 15.96). Correlation analysis revealed a direct relationship between Hardiness and “Reliability of professional activity” (M = 0; SD = 1) – Chronic stress, Emotional Stability, Motivational Distortion, Apprehensiveness (p = 0.0001; r = 0.678). It also appeared that Hardiness is a predisposition factor of professional reliability activity (adj. R2=0.539). Correlation analysis also revealed an inverse correlation between Hardiness and Chronic stress (p = 0.0001; r = -0.730).

Thus Hardiness is a resource for the reliability of professional activity. These results can be used in practice for performing trainings to support specialists and help them develop resources for reliability of professional activity.

No significant relationships.

Published evidence describes the appearance of manic episodes in patients who suffer localized brain lesions with no prior psychiatric history.

A case report is presented alongside a review of the relevant literature regarding the relationship between Bipolar disorder and strokes.

We present the case of a 54-year-old man who, after suffering a pontine hemorrhage, developed a depressive mood for which he was treated with Sertraline 50 mg. The following month the patient developed hypomanic mood, disinhibition, insomnia and megalomaniac ideation. He was treated with Risperidone 2 mg and the antidepressant was withdrawn. The symptomology disappeared shortly after but a few months later he developed a major depressive disorder (inhibition, ideas of ruin and guilt, low mood, decreased intake and daily activities…). He was treated again with antidepressants (Citalopram 30mg) and lithium was introduced in the absence of a total response.

Mania secondary to brain lesions has been observed in multiple studies, where an association is made mainly with lesions at the frontal, temporal, subcortical limbic brain areas and in lesions causing hypofunctionality on the right side. Most of the cases described occurred in male patients with no prior psychiatric record and with associated vascular risk.

It is important to carry out an exhaustive medical history to be able to identify the cases of secondary mania so as not to ignore the underlying neurological condition in the approach.

No significant relationships.

No significant relationships.

To reduce the heterogeneity of depressive GWAS samples it seems relevant to evaluate and compare current instruments for depression phenotyping.

The aim is to evaluate the agreement of DSM criteria and HADS scores in depression phenotyping for population studies.

The self-report data was obtained from 5116 clients (females 50,63%; mean age 36,92±9,82 years, Ме=42; Q1=35, Q3=76) of genetic testing company Genotek Ltd.. The respondents completed an on-line questionnaire with items on social status and biometrics. Depression phenotyping was based on DSM-5 criteria (life-time and current for major and bipolar depression) and HADS (current).

Mean HADS scores were: HADS-A – 6,43±2,9, Ме=8; Q1=6, Q3=18; HADS-D – 4,5±2,83, Ме=6; Q1=4, Q3=17. Abnormal anxiety and depression (≥11 for each subscale) were present in 9% (N–456) and 3,4% (N–174) of respondents, respectively; borderline (8-10) – in 23% (N–1172) and 11,9% (N–592), respectively. The life-time report of major depression according to DSM-5 criteria was 17,6% (N–261) and of bipolar disorder – 8,3% (N–139). Moderate correlations were present for borderline HADS anxiety scores and DSM major depression (0.19, p<.01). Similar correlations of HADS anxiety scores were registered for DSM bipolar depression (0.20, p<.01). Moreover, HADS depression scores did not correlate with any DSM depressive phenotype.

Our study shows significant correlations only for DSM depression criteria and HADS anxiety, but not depression scores. It could indicate the different significance of individual scale items in depression phenotyping and the need for their separate further evaluation.

The research is supported by the Russian Scientific Fund grant #20-15-00132.