States as international persons — State succession — With regard to contractual and other obligations and concessions — Irregular requisition of private property by French civil authorities in Algeria — Article 18 of Declaration of Principles concerning Economic and Financial Co-operation of 19 March 1962 — Article 17 of Judicial Protocol of 28 August 1962 — Interpretation of — Whether action originally begun against French authorities in Algeria for compensation for requisition within jurisdiction of French courts — Whether French or Algerian States responsible for compensation — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — The public debt — Obligations arising from judgments of courts — Guinea — Proclamation of independence without agreement regarding liquidation of debts — Judgment of court of French Guinea against local administration — Part payment of damages by French State — Whether liable to pay entire sum awarded — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Pending actions — Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) — Agreement with France regarding Judicial Matters, 1960 — Jurisdiction of French Conseil d'Etat — Whether competent to adjudicate on appeals lodged prior to establishment of Congolese Supreme Court — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Pending actions — Algeria — Franco-Algerian Judicial Protocol, 1962 (Article 18) — Retention by French Court of Cassation and Conseil d'État of jurisdiction in certain categories of action — Decisions of French administrative authorities in Algeria prior to independence in exercise of powers transferred to Algerian State — Whether French Conseil d'État competent to adjudicate on actions for excés de pouvoir — The law of France.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Agencies of interpretation — Courts — Minister for Foreign Affairs — Franco-Malagasy Agreements on Judicial Co-operation, 1960 — Jurisdiction of French Conseil d'Etat — Whether interpretation within competence of Conseil d'Etat — Whether necessary to refer to interpretation by Minister for Foreign Affairs — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Pending actions — Madagascar — Franco-Malagasy Agreement on Judicial Co-Operation, 1960 — Appeals from Malagasy administrative tribunals — Jurisdiction of French Conseil d'État — Whether including appeals from Malagasy war damage commission — Whether necessary to refer to interpretation of Minister for Foreign Affairs — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — French courts in Cambodia — Transfer of jurisdiction to Cambodian courts — Franco-Cambodian Protocol, 1953 — Divorce decree by Cambodian court concerning French nationals prior to ratification — Whether French courts in Cambodia deemed to be abolished at that date — Whether jurisdiction of French courts under Article 15 of Civil Code may be renounced in actions for divorce — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — Extraterritorial — Regime of capitulations — French courts in Cambodia — Transfer of jurisdiction to Cambodian courts — Franco-Cambodian Protocol, 1953 — Divorce decree by Cambodian court concerning French nationals prior to ratification — Whether French courts in Cambodia deemed to be abolished at that date — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Franco-Cambodian Protocol, 1953 — Transfer of jurisdiction of French courts in Cambodia to Cambodian courts — Divorce decree of Cambodian court concerning French nationals prior to date of ratification and publication in France — Whether ratification and publication retroactive — Whether French courts in Cambodia to be deemed abolished as of date of signature — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Cambodia — Transfer of jurisdiction of French courts in Cambodia to Cambodia — Franco-Cambodian Protocol, 1953 — Divorce decree by Cambodian court concerning French nationals prior to ratification — Whether French courts in Cambodia deemed to be abolished at that date — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Pending Actions — Dismemberment of States — France and Algeria — Appeals from decisions of administrative tribunals in Algeria rendered prior to independence — Actions concerning acts of French public authorities in Algeria prior to independence — Franco-Algerian Judicial Protocol of 1962 — Distinction between actions primarily concerning the French State and other actions — Transfer of powers and obligations of French authorities to Algerian State — Whether actions concerning the exercise of such powers concern the French or Algerian State — Whether French or Algerian tribunals are competent to hear such actions — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Dismemberment of States — Changes in law by parent State subsequent to accession to independence by constituent part — Changes affecting private rights — French Protectorate in Indochina — French Union — Accession of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam to independence — Application of French legislation providing for compensation for war damage in Indochina — French legislation authorizing exclusion of nationals of independent States from compensation — Whether applicable to existing claims — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Judgments of courts — Pending actions — Dismemberment of States — France and Algeria — Offence committed on Algerian territory prior to independence — Prosecution in Algerian court after independence — Algerian amnesty for offence after independence — Judgment of Algerian Court declaring offence amnestied — Subsequent prosecution for same offence in France — Whether non bis in idem rule applicable — Whether force of res judicata must be given to decision of Algerian court — Effect of Article 17 (4) of Franco-Algerian Judicial Protocol on pending actions — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Independence — Effect on private contracts of consequent changes in law — Contract between French nationals in Algeria concluded prior to Algerian independence and concerning property in Algeria — Whether subject to French or Algerian law — Whether change of circumstances following independence “act of God” or force majeure — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Continuity of the law — Dismemberment of States — Transfer of obligations from parent to successor State by agreement — Evian Agreements and Algerian accession to independence — Responsibility to compensate for injuries to civilians by French forces prior to independence — Whether France or Algeria liable — The law of France.

States as international persons — State succession — Judgments of courts — Continued validity and effects of — Exceptions — Judgments of courts of Powers which partitioned Poland — Prussian judgments — The law of Poland.

State territory — In general — Sovereignty over the air — Intrusion of territorial air space — Espionage — Aggression — The law of China.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Franco-Swiss Agreements concerning relations along Doubs boundary — Exchange of Notes of 1948 unpublished in France — Whether applicable — Agreement between French and Swiss heads of fisheries services — Whether an international agreement in terms of Article 26 of French Constitution of 1946 — Franco-Swiss Conventions of 1884 and 1938 concerning boundary relations — Whether Decrees issued in application of these Conventions conferred competence on Prefect of Doubs to regulate fisheries — The law of France.

State territory — Parts of — Water boundaries — Rivers — Franco-Swiss Doubs boundary — Regulation of fisheries — Doubs boundary excepted for general French legislation on fisheries — Franco-Swiss Agreements — 1948 Agreement in simplified form — Not duly published in France — Whether applicable — Agreement between French and Swiss heads of fisheries services — Whether applicable as an international agreement — French Constitution of 1946 (Article 26) — Franco-Swiss Conventions of 1884 and 1938 concerning hunting offences and frontier relations — Provision for application by means of French prefectural decrees in agreement with Swiss authorities — Whether conferring competence on Prefect of Doubs to regulate fishing — The law of France.

State Territory — Parts of — Boundaries — Water boundaries — Rivers — Rhine — Franco-German boundary — Convention of Mannheim, 1868 — Treaty of Versailles, 1919 — Franco-German Boundary Convention, 1919 — Rhine bridges — Property of French State — Obligation to assure maintenance — Whether including bridge built subsequently by French army — Collision with bridge within German territory — Whether French State responsible — Germany-France, U.K., U.S.A. Finance Convention, 1954 — Claims concerning acts of Allied forces on territory of Federal Republic — Procedure — Whether French administrative courts possess jurisdiction — The law of France.

State territory — Parts of-Boundaries — Water boundaries.

State territory — Miscellaneous — Ships beyond territory of flag State — Whether floating portions of State territory.

State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For taking of, or interference with, property — Algeria — Expropriation of French property — Whether contrary to ordre public — Whether contrary to Evian Agreements — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Treaties involving status of territory — Constitutional requirement requiring ratification by referendum — French Constitution of 1958 (Article 3) — Algeria — Evian Agreements — Whether duly ratified — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Expropriation of alien property — Algeria — Nationalization of French property — Whether contrary to Evian Agreements — Whether constituting force majeure — The law of France.

State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For taking of, or interference with, property — Algeria — Expropriation of French property — Whether contrary to ordre public — Whether contrary to Evian Agreements — The law of France.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Agencies of — Courts — Government — Evian Agreements — Whether courts competent to interpret treaties — Whether competent when interpretation raises problem of international law — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Expropriation of alien property — Algeria — Nationalization of French property — Whether contrary to ordre public — Whether contrary to Evian Agreements — Whether nationalization decrees to be applied by French courts — Effect of nationalization decrees — Whether effecting transfer to Algerian national corporations of liabilities as well as assets — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — Territorial limits — Jurisdiction of French courts — Article 14 of Civil Code — Effect of Franco-Algerian Judicial Agreements — Right of French nationals to sue aliens outside French territory before French courts — Franco-Algerian Agreement providing for reciprocal rights of access by French and Algerian nationals to courts in both countries — Whether implicitly excluding application of Article 14 of Civil Code to Algerian national — Whether Algerian courts to be regarded as foreign courts — The law of France.

States as international persons — Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Trade-marks — Confiscation and nationalization of corporations — Trade-marks registered abroad — Confiscation by U.S.S.R. of German corporation in East Germany — Transfer to nationalized East German Corporation — Whether to be recognized as involving transfer of title to trade-marks registered abroad — Purported transfer of seat of nationalized corporation to West Germany — Whether in contravention of Allied decrees — Whether effective — Whether title to trade-marks registered abroad retained — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Trade-marks — Confiscation and nationalization of corporations — Trade-marks registered abroad — Confiscation by U.S.S.R. of German corporation in East Germany — Transfer to nationalized East German corporation — Whether involving transfer of title to trade-marks registered abroad — Situs of trade-marks — Purported transfer of seat of nationalized corporation to West Germany — Whether in contravention of Allied decrees — Whether effective — Whether title to trade-marks registered abroad retained — The law of France.