A survey is presented of all known cases of cancer of the mouth in a population of nearly half a million in a relatively isolated part of Yorkshire, with the results of treament of squamous carcinoma, adeno-carcinoma, lympho-sarcoma, malignant tumours of odontogenic origin and sarcomas.

A very rare abnormality is reported of congenital absence of the right half of the nose in combination with microphthalmia, coloboma, epiphora and median cleft of the alveous.

This case report illustrates an unusual hazard of underwater sports: vagal neuropathology secondary to early poliomyelitis which resulted in residual palato-pharyngeal paresis. Gag and swallowing reflexes appeared to function adequately but in fact were not normal. When stressed, during water aspiration, they were inadequate, resulting in great risk to the underwater enthusiast. A history of early viral myelitis must be considered as a potential hazard in underwater sports.

The authors have treated 44 patients with posterior chronic acid laryngitis. Biopsy was performed in all patients. Characteristic changes typical of the hyperregenerative or atrophic phase of reflux oesophagitis were identified in all specimens. Gastric hypersecretion was proven in all but two patients. The aetio-logic factors of acid posterior laryngitis are gastro-oesophageal reflux, with friction of both vocal processes during phonation and vocal abuse. The preferred therapy is removal of circumscribed lesions with a suitable medical regimen.

A case of benign intracranial hypertension occurring in an 11-year-old boy, and due to lateral sinus obstruction, is reported. Computerized tomographic scan was conclusive, revealing a normal ventricular system and no evidence of a neoplastic lesion. Disappearance of the mastoid air cells and disruption of the trabecular pattern were also shown on the affected side. The diagnosis was confirmed at operation, and the course was favourable. In accordance with other studies cited, our findings suggest that patients suspected of benign intracranial hypertension can be spared invasive neuroradiological procedures if the computerized tomographic scan of the head is normal.

Regardless of the procedure used for the treatment of tinnitus, most clinicians initially attempt to determine the pitch and loudness of tinnitus. If the treatment of choice is a tinnitus masking program, two additional measures are made routinely. The first is an evaluation of the minimum masking level (MML) and the second is a determination of the amount of residual inhibition that occurs as the result of presenting a continuous stimulus over a period of time (generally for one minute).

Nasal polyps are grossly oedematous tissue which has undergone considerable shrinkage when processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), converting the normally smooth surface into one with undulations. This shrinkage resulted in variable degrees of loss of the surface epithelium and thus gave rise to artifact. In its severest form, the entire surface epithelium was removed and the basement membrane exposed; lesser damage resulted in exposure of the basal cells, giving the previously described ‘cobblestone’ appearance. When the epithelium was intact, it was typical respiratory in type.