This article describes the boundary layer flow and heat transfer in a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet. Heat transfer analysis is carried out in the presence of a Newtonian heating. The partial differential systems have been transformed into the ordinary differential systems by appropriate relations. Homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used for the solutions. Graphical and tabulated results are presented to see the significance of influential parameters on the velocity and temperature fields. It is seen that temperature profiles and heat transfer rate significantly increase by increasing the conjugate parameter (γ) for Newtonian heating.

Analytical solution is obtained for the free vibration of cross-ply laminated beams with multiple distributed extension piezoelectric actuators. The piezoelectric actuators are bonded at local position on the beam surface. The beam structure can contain one pair or two pairs or n pairs of piezoelectric actuators and it can be symmetric or unsymmetric about its mid-plane. The equations of motion and associated boundary conditions are derived for the beam model using Hamilton's principle. The state-space approach is used to find accurate natural frequencies and mode shapes for arbitrary combinations of boary conditions. The exact analytical solutions obtained are illustrated numerically in a number of figures revealing the influences of varying some parameters for the symmetric and unsymmetric cross-ply laminated beam for different type of piezoelectric actuators cases. The first order shear deformation beam theory (FOBT) is used to present the effect of actuators position and length on the nondimensional frequencies when one pair and two pairs of piezoelectric actuators are bonded at a local position on the beam surface.

Static bending of a twisted Timoshenko beam subjected to combined transverse and axial loadings is studied. The equilibrium equations are established in the twist coordinates by applying the principle of minimum potential energy. The governing equations are then reduced into solvable algebraic equations using a finite element approach. The effects of the twist angle, thickness-to-width ratio, length-to-thickness ratio, loading and boundary conditions on the static bending characteristics of the twisted beams are investigated. The present parametric analyses will provide engineers a good insight into the influence of various structural aspects of the twisted beam on its response to different static loads.