We give upper and lower bounds on the count of positive integers n ≤ x dividing the nth term of a non-degenerate linearly recurrent sequence with simple roots.

We study reflexivity and structural properties of operator algebras generated by representations of the discrete Heisenberg semigroup. We show that the left regular representation of this semigroup gives rise to a semi-simple reflexive algebra. We exhibit an example of a representation that gives rise to a non-reflexive algebra. En route, we establish reflexivity results for subspaces of .

We prove that any invariant strong Kähler structure with torsion (SKT structure) on a flag manifold M = G/K of a semi-simple compact Lie group G is Kähler. As an application we describe invariant generalized Kähler structures on M.

We establish the multiplicity of positive weak solutions for the quasilinear Dirichlet problem −Lpu + |u|p−2u = h(u) in Ωλ, u = 0 on ∂Ωλ, where Ωλ = λΩ, Ω is a bounded domain in ℝN, λ is a positive parameter, Lpu ≐ Δpu + Δp(u2)u and the nonlinear term h(u) has subcritical growth. We use minimax methods together with the Lyusternik–Schnirelmann category theory to get multiplicity of positive solutions.

The level l Fock space admits canonical bases and . They correspond to and -module structures. We establish that the transition matrices relating these two bases are unitriangular with coefficients in ℕ[v]. Restriction to the highest-weight modules generated by the empty l-partition then gives a natural quantization of a theorem by Geck and Rouquier on the factorization of decomposition matrices which are associated to Ariki–Koike algebras.

We investigate the first and second moments of shifted convolutions of the generalized divisor function d3(n).

We show that the flow generated by the totally competitive planar Lotka–Volterra equations deforms the line connecting the two axial equilibria into convex or concave curves, and that these curves remain convex or concave for all subsequent time. We apply the observation to provide an alternative proof to that given by Tineo in 2001 that the carrying simplex, the globally attracting invariant manifold that joins the axial equilibria, is either convex, concave or a straight-line segment.

We give an explicit formula for the projective dynamics of planar homogeneous polynomial differential systems in terms of natural local invariants and we establish explicit algebraic connections (syzygies) between these invariants (leading to restrictions on possible global dynamics). We discuss multidimensional generalizations together with applications to the existence of first integrals and bounded solutions.

We study dimensional properties of visible parts of fractal percolation in the plane. Provided that the dimension of the fractal percolation is at least 1, we show that, conditioned on non-extinction, almost surely all visible parts from lines are one dimensional. Furthermore, almost all of them have positive and finite Hausdorff measure. We also verify analogous results for visible parts from points. These results are motivated by an open problem on the dimensions of visible parts.

For impulsive differential equations, we construct topological conjugacies between linear and nonlinear perturbations of non-uniform exponential dichotomies. In the case of linear perturbations, the topological conjugacies are constructed in a more or less explicit manner. In the nonlinear case, we obtain an appropriate version of the Grobman–Hartman Theorem for impulsive equations, with a simple and direct proof that involves no discretization of the dynamics.

The current on a linear strip or wire solves an equation governed by a linear integro-differential operator that is the composition of the Helmholtz operator and an integral operator with a logarithmically singular displacement kernel. Investigating the spectral behaviour of this classical operator, we first consider the composition of the second-order differentiation operator and the integral operator with logarithmic displacement kernel. Employing methods of an earlier work by J. B. Reade, in particular the Weyl–Courant minimax principle and properties of the Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind, we derive index-dependent bounds for the ordered sequence of eigenvalues of this operator and specify their ranges of validity. Additionally, we derive bounds for the eigenvalues of the integral operator with logarithmic kernel. With slight modification our result extends to kernels that are the sum of the logarithmic displacement kernel and a real displacement kernel whose second derivative is square integrable. Employing this extension, we derive bounds for the eigenvalues of the integro-differential operator of a linear strip with the complex kernel replaced by its real part. Finally, for specific geometry and frequency settings, we present numerical results for the eigenvalues of the considered operators using Ritz's methods with respect to finite bases.

This paper deals with generalized elliptic integrals and generalized modular functions. Several new inequalities are given for these and related functions.

We describe (braided-) commutative algebras with non-degenerate multiplicative form in certain braided monoidal categories, corresponding to abelian metric Lie algebras (so-called Drinfeld categories). We also describe local modules over these algebras and classify commutative algebras with a finite number of simple local modules.

We introduce the one-sided local maximal operator and study its connection to the one-sided Ap conditions. We get a new characterization of the boundedness of the one-sided maximal operator on a quasi-Banach function space. We obtain applications to weighted Lebesgue spaces and variable-exponent Lebesgue spaces.

We define a hyperplane group to be a finite group generated by reflections fixing a single hyperplane pointwise. Landweber and Stong proved that the invariant ring of a hyperplane group is again a polynomial ring in any characteristic. Recently, Hartmann and Shepler gave a constructive proof of this result. By their algorithm, one can always construct generators that are additive. In this paper, we study hyperplane groups of order a power of a prime p in characteristic p and give a slightly different construction of the generators than Hartmann and Shepler. We then show that such generators have a particular form. Furthermore, we show that if the group is defined by a finite additive subgroup W ⊆ , the vanishing ideal of W is generated by polynomials obtained from a set of generators of the invariant ring that are additive. Finally, we give a shorter proof of the fact that the module of the invariant differential 1-forms is free in our situation.

We devise a fairly general sufficient condition ensuring that the endomorphism monoid of a countably infinite ultrahomogeneous structure (i.e. a Fraïssé limit) embeds all countable semigroups. This approach not only provides us with a framework unifying the previous scattered results in this vein, but actually yields new applications for endomorphism monoids of the (rational) Urysohn space and the countable universal ultrahomogeneous semilattice.

We show that spaces of Colombeau generalized functions with smooth parameter dependence are isomorphic to those with continuous parametrization. Based on this result we initiate a systematic study of algebraic properties of the ring of generalized numbers in this unified setting. In particular, we investigate the ring and order structure of and establish some properties of its ideals.

We introduce two measures of weak non-compactness JaE and Ja that quantify, via distances, the idea of boundary that lies behind James's Compactness Theorem. These measures tell us, for a bounded subset C of a Banach space E and for given x* ∈ E*, how far from E or C one needs to go to find x** ∈ ⊂ E** with x**(x*) = sup x*(C). A quantitative version of James's Compactness Theorem is proved using JaE and Ja, and in particular it yields the following result. Let C be a closed convex bounded subset of a Banach space E and r > 0. If there is an elementinwhose distance to C is greater than r, then there is x* ∈ E* such that each x** ∈at which sup x*(C) is attained has distance to E greater than ½r. We indeed establish that JaE and Ja are equivalent to other measures of weak non-compactness studied in the literature. We also collect particular cases and examples showing when the inequalities between the different measures of weak non-compactness can be equalities and when the inequalities are sharp.

We study the local symplectic algebra of curves. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic T7, T8 singularities. We define discrete symplectic invariants (the Lagrangian tangency orders) and compare them with the index of isotropy. We use these invariants to distinguish symplectic singularities of classical T7 singularity. We also give the geometric description of symplectic classes of the singularity.

Non-degenerate monoids of skew type are considered. This is a class of monoids S defined by n generators and quadratic relations of certain type, which includes the class of monoids yielding set-theoretic solutions of the quantum Yang–Baxter equation, also called binomial monoids (or monoids of I-type with square-free defining relations). It is shown that under any degree-lexicographic order on the associated free monoid FMn. of rank n the set of normal forms of elements of S is a regular language in FMn. As one of the key ingredients of the proof, it is shown that an identity of the form xN yN = yN xN holds in S. The latter is derived via an investigation of the structure of S viewed as a semigroup of matrices over a field. It also follows that the semigroup algebra K[S] is a finite module over a finitely generated commutative subalgebra of the form K[A] for a submonoid A of S.