We characterize the weighted weak-type inequalities with variable exponents for the maximal operator associated with an ergodic, invertible, measure-preserving transformation and prove the almost everywhere convergence of the ergodic averages for all functions in a variable Lebesgue space with a weight verifying a suitable condition.

We consider a geometrically nonlinear model for crystal plasticity in two dimensions, with two active slip systems and rigid elasticity. We prove that the rank-1 convex envelope of the condensed energy density is obtained by infinite-order laminates, and express it explicitly via the 2F1 hypergeometric function. We also determine the polyconvex envelope, leading to upper and lower bounds on the quasiconvex envelope. The two bounds differ by less than 2%.

We prove that for all x > 0, we have

with the best possible constants α = 0 and .

The problem of scattering of a point-generated elastic dyadic field by a bounded obstacle or a penetrable body in two dimensions is considered. The direct scattering problem for each case is formulated in a dyadic form. For two point sources, dyadic far-field pattern generators are defined and general scattering theorems and mixed scattering relations are presented. The direct scattering problem for a rigid circular disc is considered, and the exact Green function and the elastic far-field patterns of the radiating solution in the form of infinite series are obtained. Under the low-frequency assumption, approximations for the longitudinal and transverse far-field patterns of the scattered field are obtained, in addition to an asymptotic expansion for the corresponding scattering cross-section. A simple inversion scheme that locates the radius and the position of a rigid circular disc, which is based on a closed-form approximation of the scattered field at the location of the incident point source, is proposed.

Let W be a finite reflection group acting orthogonally on ℝn, P be the Chevalley polynomial mapping determined by an integrity basis of the algebra of W-invariant polynomials, and h be the highest degree of the coordinate polynomials in P. Let r be a positive integer and [r/h] be the integer part of r/h. There exists a linear mapping such that f = F ∘ P, which is continuous for the natural Fréchet topologies. A general counter-example shows that this result is the best possible. The proof uses techniques of division by linear forms and a study of compensation phenomena. An extension to P−1(ℝn) of invariant formally holomorphic regular fields is needed.

We study a model of ferromagnetic material with hysteresis effects. The magnetic moment behaviour is described by the nonlinear Landau–Lifshitz equation with an additional term modelling the hysteresis. This term takes the form of a maximal monotone operator acting on the time derivative of the magnetic moment. In our model, it is approximated via a relaxing heat equation. For this relaxed model we prove local existence of regular solutions.

We consider an inverse spectral problem for Sturm–Liouville boundary-value problems on a graph with formally self-adjoint boundary conditions at the nodes, where the given information is the M-matrix. Based on the authors' previous results, using Green's function, we prove that the poles of the M-matrix are at the eigenvalues of the associated boundary-value problem and are simple, located on the real axis, and that the residue at a pole is a negative semi-definite matrix with rank equal to the multiplicity of the eigenvalue. We define the so-called norming constants and relate them to the spectral measure and the M-matrix. This enables us to recover, from the M-matrix, the boundary conditions and the potential, up to a unitary equivalence for co-normal boundary conditions.

We construct multi-bump nodal solutions of the elliptic equation

in , when μ is large, under appropriate assumptions, for f superlinear and subcritical and such that the eigenvalues of the associated linearized operator on at zero, u ↦ u − λ(−Δ)−1(a+u), are positive. The solutions are of least energy in some Nehari-type set defined by imposing suitable conditions on orthogonal components of functions in .

Let X be a Banach space. It is proved that an analogue of the Rubio de Francia square function estimate for partial sums of the Fourier series of X-valued functions holds true for all disjoint collections of subintervals of the set of integers of equal length and for all exponents p ≥ 2 if and only if the space X is a UMD space of type 2. The same criterion is obtained for the case of subintervals of the real line and Fourier integrals instead of Fourier series.

For a singularly perturbed nonlinear elliptic equation ε2Δu − V(x)u + up = 0, x ∈ ℝN, there are solutions concentrating around critical points of V with different energy scales with respect to small ε > 0. We combine the solutions when .

We analyse the positive solutions to classes of p-Laplacian systems with Dirichlet boundary conditions, in particular, when the reaction terms tend to −∞ at the origin and satisfy a combined sublinear condition at ∞. We use the method of sub- and supersolutions to establish our results.

Consider a scattering problem for the Dirac equation with a non-local term including the Hartree type, say the cubic convolution term. We show the existence of scattering operators for small initial data in the subcritical and critical Sobolev spaces.

The dynamics of a gene expression model with time delay are investigated. The investigation confirms that a Hopf bifurcation occurs due to the existence of stability switches when the delay varies. An explicit algorithm for determining the direction of the Hopf bifurcations and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions has been derived by using the theory of the centre manifold and the normal forms method. The global existence of periodic solutions has been established using a global Hopf bifurcation result by Wu and a Bendixson criterion for higher-dimensional ordinary differential equations due to Li and Muldowney.