We consider the rigid monoidal category of character sheaves on a smooth commutative group scheme $G$ over a finite field $k$, and expand the scope of the function-sheaf dictionary from connected commutative algebraic groups to this setting. We find the group of isomorphism classes of character sheaves on $G$, and show that it is an extension of the group of characters of $G(k)$ by a cohomology group determined by the component group scheme of $G$. We also classify all morphisms in the category character sheaves on $G$. As an application, we study character sheaves on Greenberg transforms of locally finite type Néron models of algebraic tori over local fields. This provides a geometrization of quasicharacters of $p$-adic tori.

A direct application of Zorn’s lemma gives that every Lipschitz map $f:X\subset \mathbb{Q}_{p}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{Q}_{p}^{\ell }$ has an extension to a Lipschitz map $\widetilde{f}:\mathbb{Q}_{p}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{Q}_{p}^{\ell }$. This is analogous to, but easier than, Kirszbraun’s theorem about the existence of Lipschitz extensions of Lipschitz maps $S\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{\ell }$. Recently, Fischer and Aschenbrenner obtained a definable version of Kirszbraun’s theorem. In this paper, we prove in the $p$-adic context that $\widetilde{f}$ can be taken definable when $f$ is definable, where definable means semi-algebraic or subanalytic (or some intermediary notion). We proceed by proving the existence of definable Lipschitz retractions of $\mathbb{Q}_{p}^{n}$ to the topological closure of $X$ when $X$ is definable.

Following Jacquet, Lapid and Rogawski, we regularize trilinear periods. We use the regularized trilinear periods to compute Fourier–Jacobi periods of residues of Eisenstein series on metaplectic groups, which has an application to the Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture.

We study the classical limit of a family of irreducible representations of the quantum affine algebra associated to $\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}$. After a suitable twist, the limit is a module for $\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}[t]$, i.e., for the maximal standard parabolic subalgebra of the affine Lie algebra. Our first result is about the family of prime representations introduced in Hernandez and Leclerc (Duke Math. J.154 (2010), 265–341; Symmetries, Integrable Systems and Representations, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statitics, Volume 40, pp. 175–193 (2013)), in the context of a monoidal categorification of cluster algebras. We show that these representations specialize (after twisting) to $\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}[t]$-stable prime Demazure modules in level-two integrable highest-weight representations of the classical affine Lie algebra. It was proved in Chari et al. (arXiv:1408.4090) that a stable Demazure module is isomorphic to the fusion product of stable prime Demazure modules. Our next result proves that such a fusion product is the limit of the tensor product of the corresponding irreducible prime representations of quantum affine $\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}$.

We show that the restriction to square-free numbers of the representation function attached to a norm form does not correlate with nilsequences. By combining this result with previous work of Browning and the author, we obtain an application that is used in recent work of Harpaz and Wittenberg on the fibration method for rational points.

It is shown that the Grayson tower for $K$-theory of smooth algebraic varieties is isomorphic to the slice tower of $S^{1}$-spectra. We also extend the Grayson tower to bispectra, and show that the Grayson motivic spectral sequence is isomorphic to the motivic spectral sequence produced by the Voevodsky slice tower for the motivic $K$-theory spectrum $\mathit{KGL}$. This solves Suslin’s problem about these two spectral sequences in the affirmative.

Many results are known about test ideals and $F$-singularities for $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein rings. In this paper, we generalize many of these results to the case when the symbolic Rees algebra ${\mathcal{O}}_{X}\oplus {\mathcal{O}}_{X}(-K_{X})\oplus {\mathcal{O}}_{X}(-2K_{X})\oplus \cdots \,$ is finitely generated (or more generally, in the log setting for $-K_{X}-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$). In particular, we show that the $F$-jumping numbers of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}(X,\mathfrak{a}^{t})$ are discrete and rational. We show that test ideals $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}(X)$ can be described by alterations as in Blickle–Schwede–Tucker (and hence show that splinters are strongly $F$-regular in this setting – recovering a result of Singh). We demonstrate that multiplier ideals reduce to test ideals under reduction modulo $p$ when the symbolic Rees algebra is finitely generated. We prove that Hartshorne–Speiser–Lyubeznik–Gabber-type stabilization still holds. We also show that test ideals satisfy global generation properties in this setting.

We extend the $p$-adic Gross–Zagier formula of Bertolini et al. [Generalized Heegner cycles and $p$-adic Rankin $L$-series, Duke Math. J.162(6) (2013), 1033–1148] to the semistable non-crystalline setting, and combine it with our previous work [Castella, On the $p$-adic variation of Heegner points, Preprint, 2014, arXiv:1410.6591] to obtain a derivative formula for the specializations of Howard’s big Heegner points [Howard, Variation of Heegner points in Hida families, Invent. Math.167(1) (2007), 91–128] at exceptional primes in the Hida family.