The peeling process, which describes a step-by-step exploration of a planar map, has been instrumental in addressing percolation problems on random infinite planar maps. Bond and face percolations on maps with faces of arbitrary degree are conveniently studied via so-called lazy-peeling explorations. During such explorations, distinct vertices on the exploration contour may, at latter stage, be identified, making the process less suited to the study of site percolation. To tackle this situation and to explicitly identify site-percolation thresholds, we come back to the alternative “simple” peeling exploration of Angel and uncover deep relations with the lazy-peeling process. Along the way, we define and study the random Boltzmann map of the half-plane with a simple boundary for an arbitrary critical weight sequence. Its construction is nontrivial especially in the “dense regime,” where the half-planar random Boltzmann map does not possess an infinite simple core.

We revisit the notion of tracial approximation for unital simple $C^*$ -algebras. We show that a unital simple separable infinite dimensional $C^*$ -algebra A is asymptotically tracially in the class of $C^*$ -algebras with finite nuclear dimension if and only if A is asymptotically tracially in the class of nuclear $\mathcal {Z}$ -stable $C^*$ -algebras.

We derive two-sided bounds for the Newton and Poisson kernels of the W-invariant Dunkl Laplacian in the geometric complex case when the multiplicity $k(\alpha )=1$ i.e., for flat complex symmetric spaces. For the invariant Dunkl–Poisson kernel $P^{W}(x,y)$ , the estimates are

$$ \begin{align*} P^{W}(x,y)\asymp \frac{P^{\mathbf{R}^{d}}(x,y)}{\prod_{\alpha> 0 \ }|x-\sigma_{\alpha} y|^{2k(\alpha)}}, \end{align*} $$

$\alpha $

$\mathbf {R}^{d}$

$\sigma _{\alpha }$

$P^{\mathbf {R}^{d}}$

${\mathbf {R}^{d}}$

$d\ge 3$

The same estimates are derived in the rank one direct product case $\mathbb {Z}_{2}^{N}$ and conjectured for general W-invariant Dunkl processes.

As an application, we get a two-sided bound for the Poisson and Newton kernels of the classical Dyson Brownian motion and of the Brownian motions in any Weyl chamber.

Given a compact Kähler manifold X, it is shown that pairs of the form $(E,\, D)$ , where E is a trivial holomorphic vector bundle on X, and D is an integrable holomorphic connection on E, produce a neutral Tannakian category. The corresponding pro-algebraic affine group scheme is studied. In particular, it is shown that this pro-algebraic affine group scheme for a compact Riemann surface determines uniquely the isomorphism class of the Riemann surface.

We give a formulation of a deformation of Dirac operator along orbits of a group action on a possibly noncompact manifold to get an equivariant index and a K-homology cycle representing the index. We apply this framework to noncompact Hamiltonian torus manifolds to define geometric quantization from the viewpoint of index theory. We give two applications. The first one is a proof of a [Q,R]=0 type theorem, which can be regarded as a proof of the Vergne conjecture for abelian case. The other is a Danilov-type formula for toric case in the noncompact setting, which is a localization phenomenon of geometric quantization in the noncompact setting. The proofs are based on the localization of index to lattice points.

Let $\Sigma $ be a compact surface with boundary. For a given conformal class c on $\Sigma $ the functional $\sigma _k^*(\Sigma ,c)$ is defined as the supremum of the kth normalized Steklov eigenvalue over all metrics in c. We consider the behavior of this functional on the moduli space of conformal classes on $\Sigma $ . A precise formula for the limit of $\sigma _k^*(\Sigma ,c_n)$ when the sequence $\{c_n\}$ degenerates is obtained. We apply this formula to the study of natural analogs of the Friedlander–Nadirashvili invariants of closed manifolds defined as $\inf _{c}\sigma _k^*(\Sigma ,c)$ , where the infimum is taken over all conformal classes c on $\Sigma $ . We show that these quantities are equal to $2\pi k$ for any surface with boundary. As an application of our techniques we obtain new estimates on the kth normalized Steklov eigenvalue of a nonorientable surface in terms of its genus and the number of boundary components.

We establish homotopy ribbon concordance obstructions coming from the Blanchfield form and Levine–Tristram signatures. Then, as an application of twisted Alexander polynomials, we show that for every knot K with nontrivial Alexander polynomial, there exists an infinite family of knots that are all concordant to K and have the same Blanchfield form as K, such that no pair of knots in that family is homotopy ribbon concordant.

Wilson loop diagrams are an important tool in studying scattering amplitudes of SYM $N=4$ theory and are known by previous work to be associated to positroids. We characterize the conditions under which two Wilson loop diagrams give the same positroid, prove that an important subclass of subdiagrams (exact subdiagrams) corresponds to uniform matroids, and enumerate the number of different Wilson loop diagrams that correspond to each positroid cell. We also give a correspondence between those positroids which can arise from Wilson loop diagrams and directions in associahedra.