In this short paper, we show a sufficient condition for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem at infinity in Riemannian cones (as defined below). This condition is related to a celebrated result of Milnor that classifies parabolic surfaces. When applied to smooth Riemannian manifolds with a special type of metrics, which generalize the class of metrics with rotational symmetry, we obtain generalizations of classical criteria for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem at infinity. Our proof is short and elementary: it uses separation of variables and comparison arguments for ODEs.

In this note, we prove two monotonicity formulas for solutions of $\Delta _H f = c$ and $\Delta _H f - \partial _t f = c$ in Carnot groups. Such formulas involve the right-invariant carré du champ of a function and they are false for the left-invariant one. The main results, theorems 1.1 and 1.2, display a resemblance with two deep monotonicity formulas respectively due to Alt–Caffarelli–Friedman for the standard Laplacian, and to Caffarelli for the heat equation. In connection with this aspect we ask the question whether an ‘almost monotonicity’ formula be possible. In the last section, we discuss the failure of the nondecreasing monotonicity of an Almgren type functional.

The main aim of this article is to establish analogues of Landau’s theorem for solutions to the $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x2202}}$-equation in Dirichlet-type spaces.

In this paper, we investigate the properties of locally univalent and multivalent planar harmonic mappings. First, we discuss coefficient estimates and Landau’s theorem for some classes of locally univalent harmonic mappings, and then we study some Lipschitz-type spaces for locally univalent and multivalent harmonic mappings.

The mean value inequality is characteristic for upper semi-continuous functions to be subharmonic. Quasinearly subharmonic functions generalise subharmonic functions. We find the necessary and sufficient conditions under which subsets of balls are big enough for the characterisation of non-negative, quasinearly subharmonic functions by mean value inequalities. Similar result is obtained also for generalised mean value inequalities where, instead of balls, we consider arbitrary bounded sets, which have non-void interiors and instead of the volume of ball some functions depending on the radius of this ball.

It is shown that if ϕ denotes a harmonic morphism of type Bl between suitable Brelot harmonic spaces X and Y, then a function f, defined on an open set V ⊂ Y, is superharmonic if and only if f ∘ ϕ is superharmonic on ϕ–1(V) ⊂ X. The “only if” part is due to Constantinescu and Cornea, with ϕ denoting any harmonic morphism between two Brelot spaces. A similar result is obtained for finely superharmonic functions defined on finely open sets. These results apply, for example, to the case where ϕ is the projection from ℝN to ℝn (N > n ≥ 1) or where ϕ is the radial projection from ℝN \ {0} to the unit sphere in ℝN (N ≥ 2).

A class of harmonic function spaces is introduced and studied, namely the spaces $H^p_\sigma(G)$ of $\sigma$-harmonic $L^p$ functions on a locally compact group $G$, for $1\leq p \leq \infty$ and a given complex measure $\sigma$ on $G$ of unit norm. It is shown that there is a contractive projection from $L^p(G)$ onto $H^p_\sigma(G)$, for $1\lt p\leq \infty$, and structural results for $H^p_\sigma (G)$ are deduced. Given an adapted probability measure $\sigma$ on $G$, a uniqueness result is proved, that the space $H^p_\sigma(G)$ contains only constant functions, for $1\leq p\,{\lt}\,\infty$. For any $\sigma$, a result on the dimension of $H^1_\sigma (G)$ is proved.

Let $\sigma$ be a non-degenerate positive $M_n$-valued measure on a locally compact group $G$ with $\|\sigma\|\,{=}\,1$. An $M_n$-valued Borel function $f$ on $G$ is called $\sigma$-harmonic if $f(x) = \int_G f(xy^{-1})\,d\sigma(y)$ for all $x\,{\in}\,G$. Given such a function $f$ which is bounded and left uniformly continuous on $G$, it is shown that every central element in $G$ is a period of $f$. Further, it is shown that $f$ is constant if $G$ is nilpotent or central.

In this paper we construct a bounded strictly positive function $\sigma $ such that the Liouville property fails for the divergence form operator $L\,=\,\nabla ({{\sigma }^{2}}\nabla )$. Since in addition $\Delta \sigma /\sigma $ is bounded, this example also gives a negative answer to a problem of Berestycki, Caffarelli and Nirenberg concerning linear Schrödinger operators.

We give a lower estimate for the central value μ*n(e) of the nth convolution power μ*···*μ of a symmetric probability measure μ on a polycyclic group G of exponential growth whose support is finite and generates G. We also give a similar large time diagonal estimate for the fundamendal solution of the equation (∂/∂t + L)u = 0, where L is a left invariant sub-Laplacian on a unimodular amenable Lie group G of exponential growth.