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The eight very different higher education institutions define excellence in ways that make sense to the people they serve and reflect the demands of culture and place. They are places that have looked for and pursue a clear sense of purpose and where institutional behavior aligns with stated values and goals. These portraits offer insights into the ways institutions can create cultures of excellence without slavishly following the norms and metrics celbrated by international ranking schemes. They also show policymakers that concentrating resources on a few institutions is not the only way to lift quality and strengthen a national system.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) is one of the leading universities in the region. Founded to deliver professional education for young Chileans from all backgrounds, UC has maintained its commitment to excellence and access. Its faith-based origins have been reframed into an expansive vision of an institution that is serving the needs of the nation while also addressing pressing societal problems.
Dublin City University (DCU) in Dublin, Ireland, from its founding has pursued innovation, career preparation, and serving the surrounding community and broader society. DCU has one of the most extensive internship programs in the country, preparing students for the workplace. It has spearheaded efforts to expand access and has extensive community-based research aimed at addressing pressing local issues that reflect broader societal challenges. The demands of sustaining remarkable success in teaching and community engaged research, as well as a new generation of faculty, is raising questions as to whether DCU should now compete with prestigious peers or double down on work that is challenging conventional academic norms.
We are living in an era where global university schemes only offer narrow conceptions of quality, relying too heavily on international ranking systems. This timely book present an alternative perspective on evaluating 'world-class universities', showcasing how eight very different higher education institutions have defined and are pursuing excellence in their own way. Each case study highlights how institutions can align their work with shared values and goals, and strive to uphold these principles in all they do and say. The portraits offer insights into the ways institutions can create cultures of excellence tied to a vision of how to make a difference for their students and society. Their success suggest that policy makers should reward institutions that adopt and strive to fulfil particular educational purposes rather than continuing to perpetuate the status quo. It is essential reading for researchers and students of education research, education policy, and international education reform. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This chapter opens with a community meeting in the West Line about the e-waste issue as an example of how multiple social locations and perspectives of different community actors can be selectively narrowed in public forums and community interfaces with outside actors. In this case, the meeting foregrounded e-waste’s pollution harms and dumping narratives while eclipsing its economic/livelihood dimension. This episode leads us to a review of the complexity, challenges, and importance of representative community engagement in development projects, and how shortcuts to “participatory” development can overlook social heterogeneity, bolstering the visibility and power of certain segments within a diverse and at times contentious community. We describe the social and political divisions within the West Line villages, and our effort to generate a broadly endorsed development proposal with this community through a novel Delphi-like method. We describe the iterative procedure we adopted and how it enabled convergence on a development trajectory that proved broadly consensual, namely a social and environmental upgrading of the e-waste industry that would preserve livelihoods while reducing its harms. We reflect on the irony of the apparent success of this outside intervention in broadening and facilitating a community participation process.
Despite societal perceptions of older adults as vulnerable, literature on resilience suggests that exposure to adversity and resources gained with life experience contribute to adaptation. One way to explore the nature of resilience is to document assets supporting adaptation. Interviews were conducted with older adults living in Canada at two time points during the COVID-19 pandemic, September 2020–May 2021 (T1) and January–August 2022 (T2). Reflexive thematic analysis was completed to report on what older adults identified as assets and how they understood the value of those assets for resilience. Participants indicated that the potential value of their contributions went largely untapped at the level of the community but supported individual and household adaptation. In line with calls for an all-of-society approach to reduce disaster risk and support resilience, creating a culture of inclusivity that recognizes the potential contributions of older adults should be paired with opportunities for action.
The stakeholder analysis approach has historically been top-down rather than collaborative with key partners. However, this approach poses challenges for key partner engagement and community-engaged research, which aims to incorporate key partners throughout the project. This study, conducted by the Community Engagement Network at a Midwest Academic Medical Center, seeks to examine the value of community-engaged research for diverse key partners to increase collaboration, strengthen partnerships, and enhance impact, ultimately driving key partner engagement.
Methods:
The study involved semi-structured interviews with 38 key partners from diverse groups, including community members, community organizations, Practice-Based Research Network members, researchers, research administration, university administration, and potential funders. The interview guide, informed by an extensive literature review, assessed perceived value, barriers, and improvement strategies for community-engaged research, supplemented by value proposition statements.
Results:
The analysis revealed three main themes: 1) Fostering Community Buy-In: Authentic representation and inclusive partnerships were essential for trust and commitment; 2) Enhancing Communication and Dissemination: Effective communication strategies were vital for maintaining engagement and sharing research outcomes; and 3) Building Capacity and Ensuring Sustainability: Continuous learning and long-term investments were crucial for sustaining community-engaged research efforts.
Discussion:
This study underscores the value of incorporating key partners into stakeholder analyses to enhance collaboration, strengthen partnerships, and improve the impact of community-engaged research. The findings offer valuable insight for institutional transformation and implementation of effective stakeholder analyses and engagement tools, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of research strategies and initiatives.
This chapter provides critical insights in the important role urban citizens play in urban nature and nature-based solutions. More specifically, it focuses on how citizens and communities interact with and value nature in cities, what resources they offer and need for this interaction, with what associated costs and benefits, and under what conditions. It starts with a discussion of the three key forms of justice (procedural, recognitional, and distributional) that are addressed by and constitute reasons for enhanced citizen participation. Building on this discussion, the chapter then outlines different forms of participation that have been applied in the design and implementation of nature-based solutions. Challenges and obstacles are discussed before concluding with suggestions for how to tackle them. The chapter presents and seeks to inspire different novel approaches of engagement and their associated benefits, which can range from local community empowerment, creation of greater senses of ownership, enhancement of urban citizenship and belonging, and decreasing social exclusion. The chapter engages with two case studies to illustrate its key messages: urban gardens in Leipzig, Germany, and Roerplein pocket park in Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Public humanities happens whenever humanities scholarship interacts with public life. Providing a 10-point typology of public humanities, this article explains why we need the humanities – as individuals and as societies – and narrates some moments when the humanities have changed the world. We discuss the rise of “public humanities,” some critiques of the field, and a vision for its future.
Integrating community expertise into scientific teams and research endeavors can holistically address complex health challenges and grand societal problems. An in-depth understanding of the integration of team science and community engagement principles is needed. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify how and where team science and community engagement approaches are being used simultaneously in research.
Methods:
We followed Levac’s enhancement of Arksey and O’Malley’s Scoping Review Framework and systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, and Embase for team science and community engagement terms through January 2024.
Results:
Sixty-seven articles were reviewed. Publications describing integrated team science and community-engaged research have increased exponentially since 2004. Over half were conducted outside of the U.S., utilized qualitative methods, included community-researcher co-development of research question and study design, and described team partnership goals, roles, and management. Fewer studies evaluated partnership, built community capacity, described financial compensation to communities, or described team dynamics facilitation.
Conclusion:
As researchers continue to integrate community engagement and team science, common criteria and strategies for integrating the approaches are needed. We provide 19 recommendations for research teams, research institutions, journals, and funding bodies in service of advancing the science and practice of this integration.
This case study presents an analysis of community-driven partnerships, focusing on the nonprofit Baltimore CONNECT (BC) network and its collaborative efforts with a Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) team of the Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR). BC has built a network of over 30 community-based organizations to provide health and social services in Baltimore City. The study emphasizes the role of CEnR in supporting community-led decision-making, specifically in the planning and implementation of community health resource fairs. These fairs address social determinants of health by offering a variety of services, including health education, screenings, vaccinations, and resource distribution. The paper details the methods, resource mobilization, and collaborative framing processes in the execution of these fairs in a community-academic collaboration with the ICTR. Results from a 2.5-year period show the positive impact of the fairs on individuals, families, and the community at large in East Baltimore. The findings underscore the importance of community-led collaborations in addressing health disparities and improving overall community well-being. It concludes by reflecting on the sustained engagement, trust-building, and shared learning that emerges from such partnerships, suggesting a model for future community-academic health initiatives.
In 2022, the number of people forcibly displaced due to persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations, and disturbing public order increased by 21 per cent from 2021 to an estimated 108.4 million. This means that more than 1 in 74 people worldwide were forcibly displaced. This is a significant increase of 19 million compared to the end of 2021, with UNHCR’s statistics on forced displacement indicating that from 2021–2022 saw the largest ever increase. Over half of this increase was due to record numbers of refugees, asylum-seekers, and other people in need of international protection who were forced to flee in 2022. An estimated 43.3 million (40 per cent) were children below 18 years of age. English proficiency of school-aged children and young people across all migration streams 2018–19 indicates that most children and young people in the humanitarian migration stream identified as having low proficiency in English, highlighting the need for strong on-arrival and long-term English language programs.
This manuscript addresses a critical topic: navigating complexities of conducting clinical trials during a pandemic. Central to this discussion is engaging communities to ensure diverse participation. The manuscript elucidates deliberate strategies employed to recruit minority communities with poor social drivers of health for participation in COVID-19 trials. The paper adopts a descriptive approach, eschewing analysis of data-driven efficacy of these efforts, and instead provides a comprehensive account of strategies utilized. The Accelerate COVID-19 Treatment Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) public–private partnership launched early in the COVID-19 pandemic to develop clinical trials to advance SARS-CoV-2 treatments. In this paper, ACTIV investigators share challenges in conducting research during an evolving pandemic and approaches selected to engage communities when traditional strategies were infeasible. Lessons from this experience include importance of community representatives’ involvement early in study design and implementation and integration of well-developed public outreach and communication strategies with trial launch. Centralization and coordination of outreach will allow for efficient use of resources and the sharing of best practices. Insights gleaned from the ACTIV program, as outlined in this paper, shed light on effective strategies for involving communities in treatment trials amidst rapidly evolving public health emergencies. This underscores critical importance of community engagement initiatives well in advance of the pandemic.
Urban co-creation is an approach to urban design that actively involves stakeholders and end-users in the design process. As designers increasingly use digital tools to manage design information, stakeholders and residents may find it difficult to participate, resulting in a lack of engagement. The emergence of metaverse technologies offers a crucial opportunity to employ user-friendly and collaborative tools, enabling more effective participation. In the study presented in this article, a custom-designed digital game with virtual reality environment was used to facilitate a series of co-creation workshops. The study focused on changes in participants’ experience by comparing baseline and endline survey results against the design outputs. It employed a holistic framework considering four dimensions: game design, participatory experience, learning outcomes and co-creation results. The findings indicate that the digitally gamified approach helped enhance participation and knowledge sharing, and even though game design ratings varied, the use of video games motivated engagement, particularly in an intergenerational context. The co-creation workshop design documented in this article offers new methods to enhance community engagement in urban design. Especially during digital transformation, it opens renewed discussions on balancing traditional output-driven approaches with more participant-centric methods and design objectives.
Community inclusion in research may increase the quality and relevance of research, but doing so in an equitable way is complex. Novel approaches used to build engagement with historically marginalized communities in other sectors may have relevance in the clinical research sector.
Method:
To address long-standing gaps and challenges, a stakeholder group was convened to develop a theory of change (ToC), a structured method for obtaining input from stakeholders to enhance the design, conduct, and dissemination of research. The stakeholder group, comprised of Black residents within a metropolitan area, followed a structured monthly meeting schedule for 12 months to produce an outcome map, a model that formally defines aspects of research and engagement for this community.
Results:
Stakeholders reported significant improvements in trust in and engagement with research over the 12-month period, but not changes in health empowerment (individual, organizational, or community level). Through this convening process, a ToC and outcome map were developed with the focus of building bidirectional relationships between groups identifying as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) and researchers in Boston, MA. Additionally, the group developed a community ownership model and guidelines for researchers to adhere to when utilizing the ToC and outcome map with BIPOC communities.
Conclusion:
Co-ownership of models to develop bidirectional relationships between researchers and community members, such as the ToC and outcome map, may advance and further the value and reach of community-based participatory research while increasing levels of trust and engagement in research.
The science of developmental psychopathology has made outstanding progress over the past 40 years in understanding adaptive and maladaptive developmental processes across the life span. Yet most of this work has been researcher driven with little involvement of community partners in the research process, limiting the potential public health significance of our work. To continue to advance the field we must move beyond the physical and conceptual walls of our research laboratories and into the real world. In this article, we define and describe the importance of community-engaged research, and present our overarching principles for engaging the community including practicing respect, shared power and decision-making, prioritizing the needs of the community, and engaging in consistent and transparent communication. We present several associated recommendations for best practice and highlight examples from our own research that is grounded in a developmental psychopathology perspective to illustrate these practices. Recommendations for the future of the discipline of development and psychopathology, with emphasis on training and continuing education, are described.
There is increasing recognition of the crucial need for robust community engagement in health research and clinical trials. Despite this awareness, challenges persist in bridging the gap between researchers and communities. Much of the current discourse focuses on addressing issues such as cultural humility and equitable partnerships. To expand this conversation, we conducted community engagement studios, following the model by Joosten et al. We wanted to gather perspectives on research involvement across New Mexico. This process and resultant findings offer valuable insights into effective community engagement practices and advance clinical and translational science by amplifying community voices and needs.
Engaging diverse partners in each phase of the research process is the gold standard of community-engaged research and adds value to the impact of implementation science. However, partner engagement in dissemination, particularly meaningful involvement in developing peer-reviewed manuscripts, is lacking. The Implementation Science Centers in Cancer Control are using the Translational Science Benefits Model to demonstrate the impact of our work beyond traditional metrics, including building capacity and promoting community engagement. This paper presents a case example of one center that has developed a policy for including community partners as coauthors. Standard practices are used to foster clear communications and bidirectional collaboration. Of published papers focused on center infrastructure and implementation research pilots, 92% have community partner coauthors. This includes 21 individuals in roles ranging from physician assistant to medical director to quality manager. Through this intentional experience of co-creation, community partners have strengthened implementation science expertise. Community coauthors have also ensured that data interpretation and dissemination reflect real-world practice environments and offer sustainable strategies for rapid translation to practice improvements. Funders, academic journals, and researchers all have important roles to play in supporting community coauthors as critical thought partners who can help to narrow the gap between research and practice.
Multisector stakeholders, including, community-based organizations, health systems, researchers, policymakers, and commerce, increasingly seek to address health inequities that persist due to structural racism. They require accessible tools to visualize and quantify the prevalence of social drivers of health (SDOH) and correlate them with health to facilitate dialog and action. We developed and deployed a web-based data visualization platform to make health and SDOH data available to the community. We conducted interviews and focus groups among end users of the platform to establish needs and desired platform functionality. The platform displays curated SDOH and de-identified and aggregated local electronic health record data. The resulting Social, Environmental, and Equity Drivers (SEED) Health Atlas integrates SDOH data across multiple constructs, including socioeconomic status, environmental pollution, and built environment. Aggregated health prevalence data on multiple conditions can be visualized in interactive maps. Data can be visualized and downloaded without coding knowledge. Visualizations facilitate an understanding of community health priorities and local health inequities. SEED could facilitate future discussions on improving community health and health equity. SEED provides a promising tool that members of the community and researchers may use in their efforts to improve health equity.
Dyads can be challenging to recruit for research studies, but detailed reporting on strategies employed to recruit adult–adolescent dyads is rare. We describe experiences recruiting adult–youth dyads for a hypertension education intervention comparing recruitment in an emergency department (ED) setting with a school-based community setting. We found more success in recruiting dyads through a school-based model that started with adolescent youth (19 dyads in 7 weeks with < 1 hour recruitment) compared to an ED-based model that started with adults (2 dyads in 17 weeks with 350 hours of recruitment). These findings can benefit future adult–youth dyad recruitment for research studies.