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Academic psychiatry is essential for advancing mental health understanding and treatments. However, women encounter more obstacles hindering their progress in academia than men. This Editorial aims to highlight these obstacles and propose strategies to address them, advocating for a more supportive environment for women psychiatrists’ ongoing growth and development. The importance of supportive environments, fair access to opportunities and structural changes, including initiatives for mentorship, funding and flexible work arrangements, are crucial. Collaboration among governments, institutions and organisations is needed to enhance research infrastructure and promote gender equality. Encouraging and recognising women's contributions in research fosters inclusivity and innovation. Prioritising these efforts is vital for the existence, well-being and success of women in academic psychiatry.
Teaching is a highly complex act, and learning to teach in an educational era that combines both teacher-centred and student-centred approaches presents additional challenges. Conducting demonstration lessons (DL) is one of the methods aimed at enhancing teachers’ instructional skills. This study examines the features and functions of this unique type of lesson from the perspective of music demonstration teachers in Guangdong, China. Through observation and interviews, the findings not only reveal the prevalence of DLs as performance-based lessons in Chinese teachers’ professional lives but also explore their distinctions from regular school teaching and their potential for improving teachers’ pedagogical abilities. Concerns and issues related to this type of lesson, along with possible solutions, are also discussed to provide recommendations for incorporating DLs into teacher training programmes in higher education institutions.
An animal welfare education community of practice (AWECoP) for those teaching animal welfare science, applied ethology, and/or animal ethics was created to develop a dialogue amongst educators within the field of animal welfare science. The purpose of this paper is to describe the history, objectives, and members’ experiences within this community. AWECoP hosts 6–8 meetings annually for members to discuss topics relevant to our community and exchange teaching resources; within its first two years, the community has grown to 121 members representing approximately 70 institutions across six continents. A 12-question, mixed-method survey was distributed to capture member demographics, engagement with AWECoP, motivations for joining, and self-evaluation of AWECoP’s impacts. Quantitative data from the survey are presented descriptively, while reflexive thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data. Survey respondents (n = 54) felt that AWECoP is a vital community and safe space for members to share their ideas and receive feedback, inspiration, information, and resources regarding subject-specific and broader pedagogical topics. As a result, a majority experienced professional (e.g. development of new contacts) and personal (e.g. increased feeling of belonging in their field) benefits, as well as impacts realised in their teaching practice. We conclude with an examination of challenges faced in ensuring AWECoP remains accessible to a growing membership and offer recommendations for facilitating similar communities to support fellowship and training in the teaching of animal welfare and related disciplines.
The purpose of this study was to examine the dissemination of the healthy eating component of Appetite to Play at scale using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.
Design:
The Appetite to Play capacity-building intervention is a set of evidence-informed implementation strategies aimed at enhancing the adoption of recommended practices for promoting healthy eating and active play in early years settings. The evaluation was pragmatic, employing both quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (interviews) data collection.
Setting:
The Appetite to Play intervention was delivered through in-person community-based workshops, virtual workshops, asynchronous e-learning and online resources.
Participants:
We received completed surveys from 1670 in-person workshop participants (96 % female), and twenty-three (all female) survey respondents also participated in a telephone interview. Approximately two-thirds of all participant groups were certified early childhood educators.
Results:
Results indicated that Appetite to Play had high reach (25 867 individual website visits, 195 workshops delivered), effectiveness (significant increases in care provider’s knowledge, confidence (P < 0·05) and high post-intervention intention to implement), adoption (11 % of educators in BC trained) and implementation (good alignment with implementation strategies and current practices), with a significant maintenance plan to support the intervention’s future success.
Conclusions:
An evidence-based capacity-building intervention with an emphasis on training and provision of practical online resources can improve early years providers’ knowledge, confidence and intention to implement recommended practices that promote healthy eating. Further research is needed to determine the impact on child-level outcomes and how parents can be supported in contributing to positive food environments.
Effective mentorship is recognized as critical for the professional development of clinical and translational investigators. Evidence-based mentorship training prompted the development of training for mentees at early career stages who are navigating both mentor and mentee roles. The curriculum titled, Mentoring Up for Early Career Investigators, recognizes the importance of building mentee self-efficacy across proactive mentorship skills and competencies.
Methods:
Mentoring Up for Early Career Investigators curriculum is based on the research mentor training approach in Entering Mentoring. Pilot implementations of Mentoring Up at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Pennsylvania had positive training outcomes for KL2 Scholars. Subsequently, Mentoring Up was implemented and evaluated at several other institutions. For 26 implementations longer than 4 hours, data were collected on trainee demographics, satisfaction with training, skill gains across mentorship competencies, and the intent to change mentoring behaviors following training.
Results:
88% of participants rated the mentee training as valuable. Significant skill gains were reported across all mentorship competencies following training. 77% reported specific plans to change or augment their mentoring behaviors because of the training. The majority aligned with mentorship skill competencies (aligning expectations, effective communications) or mentoring up strategies (voicing needs, setting boundaries, communicating proactively).
Conclusion:
Mentoring Up training is effective in advancing mentee skills and promoting strategies to be more proactive in getting their mentoring needs met. Mentoring Up offers an expansion to the suite of mentorship education and resources to support the career advancement of all in the translational science workforce.
This chapter addresses the critical question of how the Cooperative Extension System prepares the next generation of Extension professionals who will support the well-being of tomorrow’s children, youth, and families. This chapter details the career landscape of Extension in five parts. Part 1 presents a synopsis of career development research highlighting how a person identifies and advances in a career as well as different Extension careers to demonstrate the multiple career pathways and roles in Extension organizations. Part 2 provides a discussion of competencies and skills needed for successful Extension professionals. Parts 3, 4, and 5 explore each of the primary mechanisms for preparing the next generation of Extension professionals, including formal instruction through college programs, career development activities (e.g., internships); and education that occurs on or after hiring (e.g., onboarding, continuing professional development). Information from this chapter can help guide those interested in pursuing Extension careers, as well as those in leadership positions who oversee hiring and retaining talent for Extension.
The knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for clinical research professionals (CRPs) are described in the Joint Task Force (JTF) for Clinical Trial Competencies Framework as a basis for leveled educational programs, training curricula, and certification. There is a paucity of literature addressing team science competencies tailored to CRPs. Gaps in training, research, and education can restrict their capability to effectively contribute to team science.
Materials/Methods:
The CRP Team Science team consisted of 18 members from 7 clinical and translational science awarded institutions. We employed a multi-stage, modified Delphi approach to define “Smart Skills” and leveled team science skills examples using individual and team science competencies identified by Lotrecchiano et al.
Results:
Overall, 59 team science Smart Skills were identified resulting in 177 skills examples across three levels: fundamental, skilled, and advanced. Two examples of the leveled skillsets for individual and team competencies are illustrated. Two vignettes were created to illustrate application for training.
Discussion:
This work provides a first-ever application of team science for CRPs by defining specific individual and team science competencies for each level of the CRP career life course. This work will enhance the JTF Domains 7 (Leadership and Professionalism) and 8 (Communication and Teamwork) which are often lacking in CRP training programs. The supplement provides a full set of skills and examples from this work.
Conclusion:
Developing team science skills for CRPs may contribute to more effective collaborations across interdisciplinary clinical research teams. These skills may also improve research outcomes and stabilize the CRP workforce.
This chapter takes up the ethics of how educators are educated with special attention to in-service teachers who spend a career being “developed.” First, the authors clarify how the ends and means of professional development are wrapped up in dreams of the “good life” in a marketplace that replicates and sells cruel optimisms to educators and school leaders. Next, they situate the historical realities that led to the proliferation of professional development crisis narratives in education since the National Defense Education Act of 1958 and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Then, they critically discern what happens when educators’ attachments interact with crisis narratives through a neoliberal, for-profit professional development (PD) industry. Finally, the authors outline a path forward for educators to recognize the crisis narratives of PD as attachments, to resist such a PD industry by theorizing an anarchic professional development for educators emerging from what Berlant calls the “impasse” – PD that is local, situational, and supportive of teachers’ learning. The chapter concludes by arguing that educators should work collaboratively, intellectualize teaching, focus on classroom inquiry, foster networks of practice, and reclaim the moral dimension of their practice.
Translational science (TS) teams develop and conduct translational research. Academic TS teams can be categorized under three constituency groups: trainees and faculty, clinical research professionals (CRP), and community partners. Our study objectives were to define individual and team competencies of these three constituency groups during their career life course and determine relative importance and the level of mastery of each of the competencies needed at different stages of their life course.
Methods:
Each group was composed of experts for their constituency group. We applied individual and team competencies in TS teams by Lotrecchiano et al. (2020) as a starting point for structured expert discussions following a modified Delphi approach that we adapted based on the emergent needs and insights per constituency group.
Results:
The degree of relevance and level of mastery for individual and team competencies varies for trainees and faculty members across the career life course based on opportunities provided and relative importance at that career stage. However, CRPs enter TS teams at various career stages with fundamental, skilled, or advanced levels of smart skills that may or may not be contextual to their role. Community partners equally possess and develop competencies in a non-linear and contextual fashion that are required to facilitate constructive, bi-directional collaboration with other members of TS teams.
Conclusions:
Team science competencies across the career life course do not develop linearly among different constituency groups and require an adaptive framework to enhance TS team effectiveness.
The hidden curriculum (HC), or implicit norms and values within a field or institution, affects faculty at all career stages. This study surveyed affiliates of a junior faculty training program (n = 12) to assess the importance of HC topics for junior faculty, mentors, and institutional leaders. For non-diverse junior faculty and their mentors, work-life balance, research logistics, and resilience were key HC topics. Coping with bias and assertive communication were emphasized for diverse junior faculty and mentors. Institutional norms and vision were essential for leaders, while networking was important for all groups. Future research should explore HC needs and potential interventions.
This user-friendly book is designed for language teachers of all levels and languages who seek to inform their classroom practices with current research findings on second language acquisition. Ideal for courses on second language learning and teaching, teacher reading groups, and professional development workshops, each chapter begins with a story of a real teaching scenario and a concise summary of what cutting-edge language teaching research says (and what it does not say) about the topic. Throughout the twenty-one chapters, the authors connect language research to the classroom, challenge misunderstandings around language pedagogy, and provide solutions. Each chapter concludes with classroom activities, and instructional strategies that can be used immediately in professional development workshops or in the classroom. Additional resources are available online to supplement the activities found in the book. Applicable across all languages and levels, this book is suitable for teachers of diverse backgrounds teaching in diverse contexts.
This study aims to increase understanding of the values and outcomes of teacher action research in conservatoire education. Teacher action research has been found to stimulate both professional development and improvement of teaching practice. A multiple-case study design was employed to examine teachers’ activities and their perceptions of the value of action research. Findings from the cross-case analysis include teachers’ perceptions of action research as a way to stimulate the advancement of both their teaching practice and their professional development. Constructive collaborations and self-reflections related to teacher action research were found to reinforce their learning and teaching.
This chapter examines the research associated with professional development settings for science and engineering practices and self-regulated learning. Since professional development tends to be developmental, the research reviews are separated into preservice preparation and inservice development. Each section of the chapter follows with a summary of recommendations derived from the research for preservice teacher instruction and for inservice teacher professional development experiences. Examples of elementary teacher professional development for teaching data practices in the topic of earth sciences and secondary teacher professional development for teaching argumentation in science using SRL are described.
Judges are a symbol of a nation’s resolve to be governed under the rule of law. Where a country is unable to appoint judges from among its citizens, it may look to recruit judges from outside, in the confidence that irrespective of where judges are trained, they possess the requisite standards of professionalism, integrity, expertise and impartiality to engender, protect and promote the rule of law. Employing the technique of personal narrative as legal theorising, this chapter discusses my experiences as a judge in four Commonwealth jurisdictions – Ghana, The Gambia, Eswatini and the Turks and Caicos Islands – and outlines the political climate, the structure and functions of the judiciary, the challenges faced, and the benefits foreign judicial service bring to the jurisdictions in which they work. The chapter also suggests ways in which jurisdictions can ensure that expertise is effectively transferred in order to end their dependence on foreign judges.
Clinical and translational research relies on a well-trained workforce, but mentorship programs designed expressly for this workforce are lacking. This paper presents the development of a mentoring program for research staff and identifies key programmatic outcomes. Research staff participating in this program were matched with a senior mentor. Focus groups were conducted to identify key program outcomes. Surveys were administered throughout the program period to assess participants’ experience, gains in skill, and subsequent careers. Analysis of the resultant qualitative and quantitative data are used to characterize the implementation and impact of the program. A total of 47 mentees and 30 mentors participated in program between 2018 and 2023. A comprehensive logic model of short-, intermediate- and long-term outcomes was developed. Participants reported positive valuations of every programmatic outcome assessed including their program experience, learning and research careers. The pool of available mentors also grew as new mentors were successfully recruited for each cohort. This mentorship program developed and implemented by senior research staff successfully provided junior research staff with professional development support, mentorship, and professional development opportunities. Junior and senior health research staff built mentoring relationships that advanced their clinical and translational research careers.
Writing for publication will be central to students’ future careers, so learning this skill should be integral to their graduate training. In a recent graduate seminar, we set up an assignment for which students would write a digital review (DR) and receive periodic feedback on their work through an innovative mock peer-review roundtable workshop. Each student wrote a DR intended for actual publication in the journal Advances in Archaeological Practice. Students worked closely with the instructor and the journal editor on their individual topics, outlines, and abstracts. They also peer-reviewed each other's drafts and discussed their feedback as part of the roundtable workshop, which simulated real reviewers. Finally, each student wrote cover letters and prepared images for submission to the journal. This exercise demystified the peer-review process for students who had little prior knowledge about publication, prepared students for responding to reviewer comments from varying viewpoints, and helped students understand the additional steps involved in publication. Although it was challenging to scale this exercise to a large class, we hope that others will also try and share results from these types of authentic real-world training experiments to advance graduate pedagogy in our discipline and beyond.
Ongoing professional development is important for collaborative biostatisticians, as it enables them to remain current with the latest advances in statistical methodology and software, refine their analytical skills, and expand their domain knowledge, thereby facilitating their ability to contribute effectively to biomedical research. Although external opportunities for professional development, such as attending conferences and workshops, are widely recognized and valued in the field of biostatistics, there has been comparatively little attention given to internal opportunities for enhancing the skills and knowledge of biostatisticians which can be implemented with lower financial and time investment than external offerings. The purpose of this paper is to offer guidance for ongoing internal professional development activities that can be employed by collaborative biostatistics units in universities and academic medical centers to complement structured curricula and initial training. Specific examples of activities are provided so that collaborative biostatisticians and/or managers of biostatistical units can flexibly combine components to create an appropriately scaled, customized program that meets the needs of themselves or of the unit.
Research presentations offer personal, interpersonal, and professional benefits to students and more senior researchers. Through presentations, students gain important skills (e.g., analytic thinking), are able to meet potential mentors and/or employers, and develop their identities as scholars in a given field. Senior researchers may see increases in motivation, productivity, and collaborative opportunities. Various avenues for presenting one’s work include institutional based, regional, national, and international conferences. Readers are encouraged to reflect on logistics and personal and professional goals when deciding on which conference is right for them. Descriptions of poster presentations, oral presentations, and job talks are provided. Subsequently, this chapter offers practical guidance on “best practices” for presenting one’s research in each respective modality. Readers are encouraged to reflect on the composition of their audience, the goals of their presentation, and the visual organization of material to craft the most effective presentation possible.
This chapter addresses two theoretical issues of importance to this book. The first involves ‘Southern theory’ in the social sciences, discussing the extent to which the author’s research may contribute in this emerging area. It argues that, by presenting concrete suggestions for how we may learn ‘from the South’ (not simply ‘about the South’), it may help to provide the foundations for what might be called ‘practical Southern theory’ in the social sciences. Example constructs and terms are offered for how this may be achieved, both from this study and others. The second area of theoretical interest involves how teacher expertise studies may contribute to a wider systematic and sustainable framework for building context-specific understandings of teacher expertise. The proposed framework is oriented around collaborative inquiry and practitioner research and may contribute both to the identification of appropriate good practices for a given context, and to supporting and encouraging practitioner-led (bottom up) teacher professional development within the wider educational system.
Cultural competence training plays an effective role in improving cultural competence for healthcare professionals, but cultural competence training was found to be insufficient in Hong Kong.
Aim:
This study aims to explore receptivity and readiness of Hong Kong healthcare professionals (nurses, occupational therapists (OTs), and physiotherapists (PTs)) towards cultural competence training.
Methods:
Twenty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 educators/trainers from tertiary institutions, 2 representatives of professional groups, and 14 managerial and frontline workers. Data were analysed using theoretical thematic analysis.
Findings:
Results show that nurses and PTs have lower levels of cultural competence than OTs owing to insufficient in-depth training and the nature of professional practice, and they expressed lower willingness to receive the training than OTs. However, the staff in these three professions encounter various challenges in serving ethnoculturally diverse groups. Therefore, barriers in receiving cultural competence training and best practice for providing cultural competence training were identified and discussed for these three professions.