A number of theorems are established about positive definite functions and representations of certain topological semigroups. In particular we establish theorems which show that measurable positive definite functions and measurable representations can each be decomposed into the sum of two parts one of which is continuous and the other of which is “small”.

If Sis a regular semigroup then an inverse transversal of S is an inverse subsemigroup T with the property that |T ∩ V(x)| = 1 for every x ∈ S where V(x) denotes the set of inverses of x ∈ S. In a previous publication [1] we considered the similar concept of a subsemigroup T of S such that |T ∩ A(x)| = 1 for every x ∩ S where A(x) = {y∈ S;xyx = x} denotes the set of associates (or pre-inverses) of x ∈ S, and showed that such a subsemigroup T is necessarily a maximal subgroup Ha for some idempotent α ∈ S. Throughout what follows, we shall assume that S is orthodox and α is a middle unit (in the sense that xαy = xy for all x, y ∈ S). Under these assumptions, we obtained in [1] a structure theorem which generalises that given in [3] for uniquely unit orthodox semigroups. Adopting the notation of [1], we let T ∩ A(x) = {x*} and write the subgroup T as Hα = {x*;x ∈ S}, which we call an associate subgroup of S. For every x ∈ S we therefore have x*α = x* = αx* and x*x** = α = x**x*. As shown in [1, Theorems 4, 5] we also have (xy)* = y*x* for all x, y ∈ S, and e* = α for every idempotent e.

A Banach space E is said to be regular if every bounded linear operator from E into E′ is weakly compact. This property was studied in [7, 9] under the name Property (w). In [7], using James type spaces as constructed in [4], examples were given of regular Banach spaces which fail to have weakly sequentially complete duals, answering a question raised in [9]. In this paper, we present some more results concerning the regularity of James type spaces.

If Г is a discrete Möbius group acting on the upper half-plane ℋ of the complex plane, the quotient space ℋ/Г is a Riemann surface ℛ and the automorphic functions on Г correspond to meromorphic functions on ℛ. If Г is a nondiscrete Möbius group acting on ℋ, then ℋ/Г is no longer a Riemann surface, and it is obvious that in this case there are no nonconstant automorphic functions on Г. The situation for automorphic forms is quite different. Automorphic forms of integral dimension for a discrete group Г correspond to meromorphic differentials on ℛ, but even if Г is nondiscrete it may still support nontrivial automorphic forms. The problem of classifying those nondiscrete Möbius groups which act on ℋ and which support nonconstant automorphic forms of arbitrary real dimension was raised and solved (rather indirectly) in [2] where, roughly speaking, function-theoretic methods are used to analyse all possible polynomial automorphic forms of integral dimension, and the results obtained then used to analyse the more general situation.

Let μ ≠ 0 be an ultradistribution of Beurling type with compact support in the space . We investigate the range of the convolution operator Tμ on the space of non-quasianalytic functions of Beurling type associated with a weight w, in the case the operator is not surjective. It is proved that the range of TM always contains the space of real-analytic functions, and that it contains a smaller space of Beurling type for a weight σ ≥ ω if and only if the convolution operator is surjective on the smaller class.

Consider the following hyperlogistic equation

where r, K, τj ∈ (0, ∝), and αj = pj/qj are rational numbers with qj odd, pj and qj, are co-prime, 1 ≤ j ≤ m, and .