International Law — Subjects of — Individuals as — Whether entitled to assert rights under treaties or customary international law The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Non-self — executing Agreements — In municipal court, — Effect of subsequent inconsistent statute — Standing of individuals to sue — The law of the United States of America.

International organization — Charter of the United Nations — Provisions respecting human rights — Whether self — executing — Nuclear weapons tests — Consistency with Charter — Standing of individuals to object — In municipal courts — Effect of subsequent inconsistent statute — The law of the United States of America.

International Law — Relation to municipal law — Nuclear weapon tests — United Nations Charter — Trusteeship Agreement for Trust Territory of Pacific Islands — Non — self — executing treaties — Freedom of the seas — Relationship of treaty and subsequently enacted statute — The law of the United States of America.

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Effect on corporation of law of place of incorporation — Effect on foreign obligations of corporation — Whether English court will recognize consequences of “universal succession” under Greek law.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Personality of foreign corporations — Extent to which governed by law of place of incorporation — Extent to which universal succession under law of place of incorporation will be recognized as affecting foreign obligations of corporation — Merger of debtor bank into new amalgamated bank — Effect of foreign Moratorium Law Requirement of comity of nations — The law of England.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Foreign bank liable as guarantor of bonds governed by English law — Foreign legislation merging debtor bank with new bank — New bank liable on bonds as “universal successor” — Subsequent foreign amending legislation retrospectively excepting obligation on English bonds from universal succession — Whether confiscatory or discriminatory legislation.

Recognition of acts of foreign States — Confiscatory legislation — When effective — For purpose of municipal law — The “Act of State” doctrine — The law of the United States of America.

Recognition of acts of foreign Governments — Expropriatory measures taken in Indonesia — Foreign “Act of State” — Whether entitled to recognition in Netherlands — Action for revindication of property in Netherlands.

Jurisdiction — Territorial limits of — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Effect on assets situate in country of forum — Effect on trade-marks registered in country of forum — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Austrian State Treaty, 1955 — Interpretation of — Effect on property rights situate in Austria.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Effect on property in country of forum — Effect on trade-marks registered by expropriated owners in country of forum — The law of Austria.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Territorial limits of — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Effect on assets situate in country of forum — Situs of trade names and trade-marks — Effect on trade names and trade-marks — The law of Italy.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Effect on property in country of forum — Effect on trade-marks registered by expropriated owners in country of forum — Grounds for non-recognition of foreign legislation — Discrimination — The law of Italy.

Jurisdiction — Territorial limits of — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Effect on assets situate abroad — Effect on trade-marks registered in international register and in register of State of forum — The law of France.

Recognition of acts of foreign Governments — Legislative acts — Foreign confiscatory legislation — Partnership business expropriated in Czechoslovakia — Subsequent formation of French company by expropriated partners — International registration of trade-marks by Czechoslovak “National Enterprise” substituted for expropriated partnership — Whether “National Enterprise” or French company entitled to use trade-marks — Madrid Arrangement for International Registration of Marks of Manufacture, 1891 — Relevance of discrimination — Public policy — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Territorial limits of — Foreign legislation — Exterritorial effect of — Whether affecting German — owned trade-marks registered in Italy — Allied Control Council Law No. 5 — Peace Treaty with Italy, 1947, Article 77 — Washington Memorandum of Agreement of August 14, 1947 — Rome Memorandum of Agreement on German — Owned Trade-Marks, July 5, 1956 — The law of Italy.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Legislative acts — Effect of confiscatory legislation — Position of trade-marks registered in country of forum — Interpretation of Allied Control Council Law No. 5 of October 30, 1945 — Peace Treaty with Italy, 1947, Article 77 — Washington Memorandum of Agreement of August 14, 1947 — Rome Memorandum of Agreement on German-owned Trade-Marks, July 5, 1956 — The law of Italy.

Recognition of acts of foreign States — Contract concluded in violation of proper law — Circumstances in which proper law will not be applied — Contract concluded in Kingdom of Bulgaria contrary to Bulgarian fiscal legislation in order to save Jewish property from despoliation — Enforceability of contract in courts of Israel — The law of Israel.

Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Foreign judicial decisions — Circumstances in which such decisions will be enforced — Relevance of reciprocity — The law of Colombia.

Status of Mandated and Trust Territories Composite and dependent States and territories — Trust Territories — Status of — Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands — Whether "foreign country" as to Administering Authority — The law of the United States of America.

State territory — Miscellaneous — Status of Jerusalem — De facto authority over Jerusalem exercised by State of Israel — Arab property in Jerusalem subject to control of “Custodian of Absentee Property” appointed under law of Israel — Whether rent payable under lease of Arab property in Jerusalem to be paid to Custodian or Arab owner.

Recognition — Of States — Recognition of de facto control over territory — Status of Jerusalem — Rent payable to owner of building in Jerusalem — Owner “absentee Arab” under law of Israel — “Absentee Arab property” Administered by Custodian appointed by law of Israel — Whether rent payable to Custodian or — “absentee” owner.

Recognition — Of Governments — Non-recognition — So-called “National Hungarian Government-in-Exile” — Lack of capacity to sue.

Recognition — of Governments — Effect of non-recognition — Conclusiveness of determination of Executive — Nationalist and Communist Governments of China — Possession and control of State-owned vessels — Barratry.

Consuls — Functions of — Representation of alien heir — Recognition — Annexation of Lithuania by Union of Soviet Socialist Republics — Non — recognition of — By United States of America.

Recognition — Of annexation — Annexation of Lithuania by Union of Soviet Socialist Republics — Non-recognition of — By United States of America — Consul of Lithuania — Power to act on behalf of Lithuanian national.

Continuity of States — Incorporation of Austria into German Reich and subsequent reconstitution of independent State of Austria — Rights accruing to Reich against Austrian local authority while Austria part of Reich — Whether rights vest in Republic of Austria after reconstitution of independent Austrian State Austrian State Treaty, Article 22 — The law of Austria.

State succession — Succession to rights — Succession to claims vested in predecessor State — Claims of a public law nature — Claim of German Reich against Austrian local authority while Austria part of Reich — Subsequent reconstitution of independent Republic of Austria — Whether claim vests in Republic of Austria upon reconstitution of independent Austrian State — Austrian State Treaty, 1955, Article 22 — The law of Austria.

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Effect on private rights — Merller of Jind into Patiala Union Effect of Covenant of merger — Act of State — The law of India.

State territory — In general — Effects of changes of sovereignty — Covenant for merger of former independent Indian States into Patiala Union, 1948 — Effect on rights of subjects of those States based on prior contract with Ruler — Act of State — The law of India.

State succession — Succession with regard to contractual obligations — Concessions — Agreement as to rate of income-tax — Agreement between Ruler of Jind and a company — Effect of merger of Jind into Patiala Union — Effect on concession — Act of State — Whether previous obligations of Ruler Incorporated into Constitution of new State — The law of India.

State succession — Succession with regard to contractual and other obligations — Concessions — Effect of merger of granting State with Indian Union — Whether different from cession or annexation — Continuity of law — Relevance of Act of State — The law of India.