Treaties — Operation of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Austrian State Treaty, Article 24 — Obligation to compensate for requisitioned private property — Whether obligation directly enforceable by individual — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Operation of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Self-executing provisions — Conventions on Road Traffic — Geneva Protocol on Road Signs and Signals, 1949 — Prosecution based directly on Protocol — The law of Austria.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Operation of treaties — Effect on Austrian statute law of operation of European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — The law of Austria.

The individual in international law — Human rights and freedoms — European Convention for Protection of (Article 6) — Operation and enforcement in municipal law — Effect on statute law — Whether capable of overriding statute law — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Effect in municipal law — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950, Article 6 — Effect of Convention on Austrian statute law — Whether Convention capable of overriding Austrian statute law — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Operation of — Effect in municipal law — Effect on prior legislation — European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Effect in Austria — Whether constitutional law — Austrian reservation to Article 5 of Convention — Compatibility with Article 64 — The law of Austria.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Operation of treaties — Effect on Austrian statute law of European Convention for Protection of Human Rights, 1950 (Article 5) — The law of Austria.

The individual in international law — Human rights and freedoms — European Convention for Protection of — Right to personal liberty (Article 5) — Grounds for deprivation of liberty — Operation and enforcement of Convention in Austria — Effect on existing Austrian statute permitting revenue authority to impose sentence of imprisonment — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Effect in municipal law — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights, 1950, Article 5 — Effect of Convention on Austrian statute law — Deprivation of liberty by administrative authority — Whether statute law valid or invalid as contravening Article 5 (1) of Convention — The Law of Austria.

Treaties — Operation of — Effect of Municipal legislation — Decree made by State Party not in conformity with Treaty — Illegality of decisions made under Decree — Franco-Madagascar (Malagasy Republic) Convention of 7 July 1959 — The Law of Madagascar (Malagasy Republic).

Disputes — Arbitration — The Award — Binding force of — Whether a binding precedent — Non-application in subsequent case.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (c)) — Compensation for war damage — Provision that compensation be paid “free of any levies, taxes or other charges” — Interpretation by Italian-United States Conciliation Commission — Whether Italian inheritance tax may be deducted from indemnity before or after payment — Strict interpretation incompatible with general principles of law recognized by legal systems of civilized States in fiscal matters — Interpretation adopted in Self Claim — Whether inheritance tax may be levied on transfer to heir of expectancy to be compensated — Whether covered by Article 78 (4) (c) — Interpretation by reference to equitable results — Preference for literal interpretation most restrictive of scope of provision — Prevailing principle of interpretation to preserve freedom of parties — Consideration of preparatory work — Preparatory work to be considered only so far as reflecting mutual consent of all contracting parties.

International law — Sources — “General principles of law recognized by civilized nations” — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 — Definition of “property” in sense of Article 78 (9) (c) — Whether a mining concession is “property”.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (9) (c)) — Whether term "property" refers to "property" as defined by municipal judicial system to which it relates or as defined by international law.

State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For revocation of, or interference with, concessions or concessionary contracts — Mining concession — War-time sequestration — Pillage by occupying forces — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d)) — Whether it confers right to compensation for pillage and for costs of bringing claim.

State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For acts or omissions of revolutionary or de facto Governments — Pillage by occupying military forces — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d)).

State responsibility — Damages — Measure of — Award of damages in general — Grounds for awarding damages — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d) and (9) (c)) — Whether grantee of mining concession entitled to compensation for damage to mine — Whether entitled to compensation for costs of putting mine and equipment into former condition after pillage.

State responsibility — Damages — Indirect damages and damages for loss of profits — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d)) — Definition of “loss of profit” — Mining concession — Whether claim to compensation for costs of putting mines into former condition is a claim for compensation for “loss of profit”.

Aliens — Position of — Respect for property of — Expropriation — Sequestration in time of war — Pillage — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d) and (9) (c)) — Mining concession — Whether concessionary entitled to compensation for pillage of mine.

Disputes — Conciliation — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 — Anglo-Italian Conciliation Commission — The law applied by — International law — General principles of law recognized by civilized nations.

War — On land — Appropriation, utilization and destruction of enemy property — Sequestration — Pillage — Mining concession — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d)).

Treaties — Special kinds of — Peace treaties — Treaty of Peace with Italy (Article 78 (4) (a) and (d) and (9) (c) — Interpretation — Meaning of “property” — Meaning of “loss of profit” — Multilingual text — Interpretation by reference to preparatory work — Analogous provisions in similar treaties — Decisions of tribunals established to interpret and apply analogous provisions — General principles of law recognized by civilized nations.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Special treaties establishing supra-national organizations — European Economic Community — E.E.G. Regulation on Freedom of Movement of Workers within Community — Right of workers to grant of residence permits — Whether discretion under municipal law of member State to grant permits superseded by duty of member State to grant permit as of right as provided in E.E.C. Regulation — The law of Germany.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — Under special treaties establishing supra-national organizations — European Economic Community — Regulation of Council of E.E.C. conferring right of freedom of movement on workers in territories of member States — Whether workers of member States entitled to labour and residence permits in other member States as of right — The law of Germany.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Treaty establishing European Economic Community, 1957 — Regulation of Council of E.E.C. — Regulation conferring freedom of movement on workers of member States of E.E.C. — Grant of residence permits — Whether grant of permits in discretion of authorities of member State as provided in municipal law or whether grant a matter of right as provided in Regulation — The law of Germany.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Treaty establishing European Economic Community, 1957 — Regulation of Council of E.E.C. under Treaty — Regulation providing for freedom of movement of workers within Community — Regulation conferring right on nationals of member States to work and live in other member States — Whether grant of residence permit in discretion of authorities of member State as provided in municipal law or whether grant a matter of right as provided in E.E.C. Regulation — Regulation 15 of Council of E.E.C. of 16 August 1961 on Freedom of Movement of Workers within E.E.C. — E.E.C. Directive of 16 August 1961 — The law of Germany.

International law — Relation to municipal law — Interpretation of double taxation agreement — Agreed interpretation communicated to tax authorities in ministerial instructions — Whether agreed interpretation binding on municipal courts — Double Taxation Agreement between Austria and Switzerland, 1953 — The law of Austria.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Double taxation agreements — Interpretation of — Agreed interpretation communicated to tax authorities in ministerial instructions — Whether agreed interpretation binding on municipal courts — Double Taxation Agreement between Austria and Switzerland, 1953 — “Regular frontier travellers” — The law of Austria.

International organization — Officials — Immunity of — Waiver by Director-General — Whether within jurisdiction of I.L.O. Administrative Tribunal — Whether official entitled to “diplomatic protection”.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Review of judgments by International Court of Justice — Res judicata — Costs.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo in judex re sua — Sick leave — Administrative decision — Definition — Whether subject to attack before the tribunal.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Education grant — Res judicata.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Power to strike out complaints or parts of complaints — Abuse of process.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Power to transfer officials from post to post — Res judicata.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Publication of comments on judgments — Tribunal's duty to ascertain the law proprio motu.

International organization — Officials — Unilateral amendment of conditions of service — Procedure for challenging amendments.

International organization — Officials — Joinder of actions — Overtime — Res judicata.

International organization — Officials — International administrative tribunals — Joinder of actions — Membership — Nemo judex in re sua — Disciplinary sanctions — Disclosure of pleadings to third parties.