Weconsider the Fourier restriction operators associated to certaindegenerate curves in ℝd for which the highest torsion vanishes. We prove estimates with respect to affine arclength and with respect to the Euclidean arclength measure on the curve. The estimates have certain uniform features, and the affine arclength results cover families of flat curves.

We prove that if f:I=[0,1]→I is a C3-map with negative Schwarzian derivative, nonflat critical points and without wild attractors, then exactly one of the following alternatives must occur: (i) R(f) has full Lebesgue measure λ; (ii) both S(f) and Scramb(f) have positive measure. Here R(f), S(f), and Scramb(f) respectively stand for the set of approximately periodic points of f, the set of sensitive points to the initial conditions of f, and the two-dimensional set of points (x,y) such that {x,y} is a scrambled set for f.Also, we show that if f is piecewise monotone and has no wandering intervals, then either λ(R(f))=1 or λ(S(f))>0, and provide examples of maps g,h of this type satisfying S(g)=S(h)=I such that, on the one hand, λ(R(g))=0and λ2 (Scramb (g))=0 , and, on the other hand, λ(R(h))=1 .

It is known that for a given and a given strictly stationary sequence of random variables, the p-norms of the partial sums are bounded if and only if the sequence consists of successive differences from another strictly stationary sequence with finite p-norm. Here this is generalized to random fields, and the assumption of stationarity is relaxed. The index is included.

We give a new proof that a finitely generated congruence-distributive variety has finitely determined syntactic congruences (or, equivalently, term finite principal congruences), and show that the same does not hold for finitely generated congruence-permutable varieties, even underthe additional assumption that the variety is residually very finite.

A submonoid S of a monoid M is said to be cofull if it contains the group of units of M. We extract from the work of Easdown, East and FitzGerald (2002) a sufficient condition for a monoid to embed as a cofull submonoid of the coset monoid of its group of units, and show further that this condition is necessary. This yields a simple description of the class of finite monoids which embed in the coset monoids of their group of units. We apply our results to give a simple proof of the result of McAlister [D. B. McAlister, ‘Embedding inverse semigroups in coset semigroups’, Semigroup Forum20 (1980), 255–267] which states that the symmetric inverse semigroup on a finite set X does not embed in the coset monoid of the symmetric group on X. We also explore examples, which are necessarily infinite, of embeddings whose images are not cofull.

Weconsider a random algebraic polynomial of the form Pn,θ,α(t)=θ0ξ0+θ1ξ1t+⋯+θnξntn, where ξk, k=0,1,2,…,n have identical symmetric stable distribution with index α, 0<α≤2. First, for a general form of θk,α≡θk we derive the expected number of real zeros of Pn,θ,α(t). We then show that our results can be used for special choices of θk. In particular, we obtain the above expected number of zeros when . The latter generate a polynomial with binomial elements which has recently been of significant interest and has previously been studied only for Gaussian distributed coefficients. We see the effect of α on increasing the expected number of zeros compared with the special case of Gaussian coefficients.

Weshow that, for every x exceeding some explicit bound depending only on k and N, there are at least C(k,N)x/log 17x positive and negative coefficients a(n) with n≤x in the Fourier expansion of any non-zero cuspidal Hecke eigenform of even integral weight k≥2 and squarefree level N that is a newform, where C(k,N) depends only on k and N. From this we deduce the existence of a sign change in a short interval.

Let Bn(x) denote the number of 1’s occurring in the binary expansion of an irrational number x>0. A difficult problem is to provide nontrivial lower bounds for Bn(x) for interesting numbers such as , e or π: their conjectural simple normality in base 2 is equivalent to Bn(x)∼n/2. In this article, amongst other things, we prove inequalities relating Bn(x+y), Bn(xy) and Bn(1/x) to Bn(x) and Bn(y) for any irrational numbers x,y>0, which we prove to be sharp up to a multiplicative constant. As a by-product, we provide an answer to a question raised by Bailey et al. (D. H. Bailey, J. M. Borwein, R. E. Crandall and C. Pomerance, ‘On the binary expansions of algebraic numbers’, J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux16(3) (2004), 487–518) concerning the binary digits of the square of a series related to the Fibonacci sequence. We also obtain a slight refinement of the main theorem of the same article, which provides a nontrivial lower bound for Bn(α) for any real irrational algebraic number. We conclude the article with effective or conjectural lower bounds for Bn(x) when x is a transcendental number.

In thispaper we find many families in the product space ℍ2×ℝ of complete embedded, simply connected, minimal and surfaces with constant mean curvature H such that |H|≤1/2. We study complete surfaces invariant either by parabolic or by hyperbolic screw motions. We study the notion of isometric associate immersions. We exhibit an explicit formula for a Scherk-type minimal surface. We give a one-parameter family of entire vertical graphs of mean curvature 1/2. We prove a generalized Bour lemma that can be applied to ℍ2×ℝ,𝕊2×ℝ and to Heisenberg’s space to produce a family of screw motion surfaces isometric to a given one.