The diet and habitat of Leptomeryx sp. from the Late Uintan Yolomécatl Formation of NW Oaxaca, SE Mexico were inferred using dental enamel carbon and oxygen isotopic relationships, and compared with those of congeneric species from temperate North America. Results show that Leptomeryx sp. fed on C3 plants and lived in open forest or forest/savanna ecotone. The palynoflora and co-occurrence of perissodactyls and artiodactyls that live in an environment like that of Leptomeryx support this interpretation. Further, both records disclose that in NW Oaxaca (southern North America) tropical conditions prevailed at that time, unlike that of temperate North America.

A Study of stream action very soon shows that things are by no means so simple as they appear at first sight. Stream erosion is the basis of earth sculpture in temperate regions, except where direct differential weathering carves some of the details; yet its mechanism and the evolution of its topographical effects do not seem to be understood with any certainty. Even the classic discussions by G.K. Gilbert in his Geology of the Henry Mountains, and by W.M. Davis in his collected Geographical Essays, are, to the present writer at least, unconvincing at those points where the deductive structure is carried over, so to speak, to fit the work of actual streams, particularly with regard to the development of the curves of their longitudinal profiles. The parts given to this subject in the geological and geographical text-books are too short to allow a fully reasoned argument, but all appear to adopted the conclusions of Gilbert and Davis; though the line adopted in the present paper is to some extent approached by Chamberlin and Salisbury.

This footprint was noticed by Mr. A. R. Horwood in the British Association Trias Committee's Report for 1909 (5) and there referred to as resembling Cheirotherium herculis (Eg.) and to be from the Lower Keuper Sandstone. As mentioned in that note, it was found in an excavation at Kegworth, North Leicestershire, some thirty-four years ago by Mr. J. Large, who in 1909 presented it to the Leicester Corporation Museum. It is interesting as being the only Chirosauroid print so far recorded from the Keuper rocks of Leicestershire, and proves the occurrence in that area of animals and conditions similar to those which existed in Cheshire, Staffordshire, and Warwickshire during the Keuper period.

Quartz sand, sodium aluminate and water were heated together in a bomb to above the critical temperature. The apparatus was designed to give a temperature difference of about 100°C. between the two ends of the bomb. Quartz, albite, and analcite were formed in the low temperature end of the bomb.

So much attention has been bestowed of late years on fossil organic remains from rocks of all ages, that it must appear surprising to find so little notice has been directed to the Insectremains from the British Secondary rocks.

It is now nearly fifty years since that veteran geologist, the Rev. P. B. Brodie, M.A., F.G.S., published his modest little 8vo. volume entitled “A History of the Fossil Insects in the Secondary Rocks of England” which is still the only separate work of the kind extant. Numerous Insect-remains have, it is true, been described by Prof. J. O. Westwood, Mr. H. E. Strickland, Prof. J. F. Blake, Mr. A. G. Butler, and Mr. S. H. Scudder, from English rocks of Secondary age; and Mr. Herbert Goss has given an excellent summary of our knowledge of the Mesozoic Insects in the Proceedings of the Geologists' Association (1879).

Gen. I. Rastrites, Barr. (Grapt. de Boh. p. 64). Polypary simple, consisting of a slender capillary common tube, supporting a single series of isolated hydrothecæ, which are free throughout their whole length.

Diverse skeletal assemblage has been discovered in the Ediacaran/Cambrian strata of the Codos locality in NE Spain (Aragón, Cadenas Ibéricas). This assemblage includes at least seven genera, only three of which can be ascribed to known taxa. All the fossils are preserved in phosphate but their original microstructures are traceable by both elementary composition and microstructural features that are indicative for primary aragonite and high-magnesium calcite biomineralogies. Already these early skeletal fossils show sophisticated microstructures represented by heterogeneous multilayered composites to satisfy the requirements for better protection against both chemical dissolution and mechanical predator deterioration. The most common and best-preserved fossil, which is tubicolous Codositubulus grioensis gen. et sp. nov., is described here. The composition of the fossil assemblage and its stratigraphic position are indicative for the lowermost Terreneuvian (lower Cambrian) or even pre-Terreneuvian age of this fauna.

Many are the attempts that have been made to discern some law in the occurrence of earthquakes, and to trace the influence of the sun, the moon, or even of the planets as a cause, if partial, of their origin. Many patient investigators have discovered, or thought they have discovered, periods of fluctuating seismic activity, varying in length from semi-diurnal to annual or even longer, but so conflicting have been their conclusions that little weight can be, or has been, attached to the results of their calculations; and one of the most industrious of all these investigators, the Commandante de Montessus de Ballore, has declared his conviction that no periodicity can be detected, and that the causes of earthquakes are purely terrestrial and in no way affected by any celestial body. Yet, in spite of this, the attempts and the calculations go on, and one of the most recent of these is a discussion by Herr M. Becke of some three hundred earthquakes recorded in the region round Karlsbad between 24th October and 25th November, 1897.

In the Geological Magazine, Vol. II. 1865, p. 401, some account was given of the curious gastric teeth of Ceratiocaris and Dithyrocaris, from the Upper-Ludlow and Carboniferous strata of Scotland and Ireland; and in the ArticleCrustacea, by the same author, in the “Encyclopasdia Britannica,” vol. vi. 1877, p. 639, fig. 13, the relationship of such internal masticatory organs to the stomach of the Crab and Lobster, in particular, was treated in detail.

The physical history of the Permian and Triassic rocks of Great Britain has been told by Professor Ramsay, who has pointed out that the beds were deposited in great inland lakes, for the most part salt. Without entering into the consideration of this subject, there seems to be much that requires to be unravelled in regard to the structure of the beds individually, and much that has yet to be explained in regard to the relations and grouping of the rocks.

Novak considered this form within the range of variation of Cellepora depressa, Hag., but Canu recognizes it as a Rhagasostoma. It appears to be so closely related to a very distinct and persistent form which is very abundant and characteristic at Trimingham that I do not like to treat them as anything but two forms of a single hitherto unnamed species, and the form admirably figured by Novak must of course be the type of the species.

The major septa of clisiophyllid corals originate deep down in the calyx and grow upwards, fanning out towards both the axis and the periphery of the coral. The minor septa originate high up near the rim of the calyx and appear in pairs one septum being inserted on either side of each new major septum. The insertion of minor septa on both sides of a new major septum complicates the development of the subsequent major septum at the fossula.

A study of thin sections of Thecia swinderniana (Goldfuss) shows the trabecular nature of the skeleton. It also appears that there are neither horizontal pores not vertical tubules in the walls, which are compact. A review of genera regarded by various authors as allied to Thecia leads the writer to retain in the family Theciidae only Thecia Edwards and Haime and Angopora Jones, the genus Romingerella Amsden being considered a synonym of the latter.

The name Pahang Volcanic Series was given by Mr. J. B. Scrivenor to those eruptive and intrusive rocks of the Malay Peninsula which are older than the Mesozoic granite, and the rocks were described by him in The Geology and Mining Industries of Ulu Pahang, 1911, ch. xi. As the name implies, the series is most strongly developed in Pahang, but it is also developed to a greater or less extent in Singapore* Island, Johore*, Negri Sembilan*, Selangor*, and Perak*, and possibly also in the more northern states, Kedah*, Kelantan*, and Trengganu*. The present account deals for the most part with the main development in Pahang, and most of the information was obtained on two trips, one to examine the railway-cuttings from Gemas* to Kuala Lipis, and the other to examine outcrops over a distance of about 100 miles in the rivers Jelai and Pahang, from Kuala Lipis to Mengkarak.

It is now twelve months since I had the pleasure to record, in the pages of this Journal, the discovery of Eophrynus Prestvicii, a new genus of Arachnides from the Coal-measures of Dudley. (See Geol. Mag., 1871, Vol. VIII., p. 385, Pl XI.) This remarkably perfect specimen is perhaps unequalled in the condition of its preservation by any Palæozoic fossil known. Although the fossil Arachnide, which forms the subject of this notice, cannot claim such distinction as Eophrynus, yet it is well deserving of being placed on record in the pages of this Magazine, as a new genus of airbreathers from the English Coal-measures.