Kaplansky proposed in [7] three problems with which to test the adequacy of a proposed structure theory of infinite abelian groups. These problems can be rephrased as test problems for a structure theory of operators on Hilbert space. Thus, R. Kadison and I. Singer answered in [6] these test problems for the unitary equivalence of operators. We propose here a study of these problems for quasisimilarity of operators on Hilbert space. We recall first that two (bounded, linear) operators T and T′ acting on the Hilbert spaces and , are said to be quasisimilar if there exist bounded operators and with densely defined inverses, satisfying the relations T′X = XT and TY = YT′. The fact that T and T′ are quasisimilar is indicated by T ∼ T′. The problems mentioned above can now be formulated as follows.

En démontrant un lemme ergodique maximal pour une famille résolvante de contractions positives et propres de L1(σ) [5], D. Feyel a obtenu, entre autres, des théorèmes de dérivation pour les processus abéliens [7]. Grâce à un théorème taubérien, il peut déduire un théorème de convergence locale pour les processus additifs. Le but de cet article est de montrer que le lemme ergodique maximal de D. Feyel et une technique de réduction des paramètres, introduite par Dunford-Schwartz [4] et développée par Terrell [13] et Akcoglu-del Junco [1] permettent d'obtenir des théorèmes de dérivation pour les familles résolvantes à plusieurs paramètres. C'est ce qu'on fait à la Section 2. Le premier théorème ergodique local pour les semi-groupes de contractions a été obtenu par Krengel [10] et Ornstein [12]. A la Section 3, nous considérons les processus abéliens associés aux processus additifs qui ont été introduits dans [2] par Akcoglu et Krengel et dont les résultats ont ensuite été généralisés par Terrell [13], Akcoglu et del Junco [1], Emilion [5]. Comme dans le cas à un paramètre, à la Section 4, nous retrouvons un théorème local pour les processus additifs.

Our main objective is to prove the existence of a pair of positive, exponentially decaying, classical solutions of the semilinear elliptic eigenvalue problem

1.1

in a smooth unbounded domain Ω ⊂ RN, N ≧ 2, where λ is a positive parameter and L is a uniformly elliptic operator in Ω defined by

This paper is a direct continuation of the article “Proximal analysis and boundaries of closed sets in Banach space, Part I: Theory”, by the same authors. It is devoted to a detailed analysis of applications of the theory presented in the first part and of its limitations.

Theorem 2.1 has important consequences for geometry of Banach spaces. We start the presentation with a discussion of density and existence of R-proper points (Definition 1.3) for closed sets in Banach spaces. Our considerations will be based on the “lim inf” inclusions proven in the first part of our paper.

In this paper, we extend to non-connected, reductive groups over p-adic field of characteristic zero Harish-Chandra's theorem on the local integrability of characters.

Harish-Chandra's theorem states that the distribution character of an admissible, irreducible representation of a (connected) reductive p-adic group is locally integrable. We show that this extends to any reductive group; just as in the connected case, one even gets a very precise control over the singularities of the character along the singular elements.

As will be seen, the proof in the non-connected case is an easy extension of Harish-Chandra's. The reader may wonder why we have bothered to write its generalization completely. The reason is that the original article [8] does not contain proofs for the crucial lemmas, and this makes it impossible to explain why the theorem extends. Because this result is needed for work of Arthur and the author on base change, it has been thought necessary to give complete arguments.

Let D be a simply-connected domain and w0 a fixed point of D. Denote by SD the set of all complex-valued, harmonic, orientation-preserving, univalent functions f from the open unit disk U onto D with f(0) = w0. Unlike conformai mappings, harmonic mappings are not essentially determined by their image domains. So, it is natural to study the set SD.

In Section 2, we give some mapping theorems. We prove the existence, when D is convex and unbounded, of a univalent, harmonic solution f of the differential equation

where a is analytic and |a| < 1, such that f(U) ⊂ D and

Stationary logic L(aa) is obtained for Lωω by adding a quantifier aa which ranges over countable sets and is interpreted to mean “for a closed unbounded set of countable subsets”. The dual quantifier for aa is stat, i.e., stat sφ(s) is equivalent to ¬aa s ¬φ(s). In the study of the L(aa)-model theory of structures a particular well behaved class was isolated, the finitely determinate structures. These are structures in which the quantifier “stat” can be replaced by the quantifier “aa” without changing the validity of sentences. Many structures such as R and all ordinals are finitely determinate. In this paper we will be concerned with finitely determinate first order theories, i.e., those theories all of whose models are finitely determinate.

Example 0.1. [5] The theory of dense linear orderings is not finitely determinate. Let S be a stationary costationary subset of ω1 and

where

The concept of the spectrum of A relative to Q, where A and Q commute and are elements in a complex Banach algebra with identity I, was developed in [1]. A complex number z is in the Q-resolvent set of A if and only if is invertible in otherwise, z is in the Q-spectrum of A, or spectrum of A relative to Q. One result from [1] was the following.

THEOREM. Suppose no points in the ordinary spectrum of Q have unit magnitude. Let C be a simple closed rectifiable curve which lies in the Q-resolvent of A, and let

*

where P is defined asxs

•

The main result of this paper is Theorem 1 (in connection with Corollary 1 (e)), which says that the implication

*

holds for every separable FK-space F, for every FK-space E containing φ and for certain (for example, solid) FK-AB-spaces Y. At this, φ denotes the space of all finite sequences and WE is the set of all elements of E being weakly sectionally convergent.

This result was proved by Bennett and Kalton ([1] and [3]) in the special case that E contains all null sequences and that Y is the space m of all bounded sequences or the space of all sequences almost converging to zero.

The recent paper of Berlanga and Epstein [5] demonstrated the significant role played by the “ends” of a noncompact manifold M in answering questions relating homeomorphisms of M to measures on M. In this paper we show that an analysis of the end behaviour of measure preserving homeomorphisms of a manifold also leads to an understanding of some of their ergodic properties, and allows results previously obtained for compact manifolds to be extended (with qualifications) to the noncompact case. We will show that ergodicity is typical (dense Gδ) with respect to various compact-open topology closed subsets of the space consisting of all homeomorphisms of a manifold M which preserve a measure μ. It may be interesting for topologists to note that we prove when M is a σ-compact connected n-manifold, n≧ 2, then M is the countable union of an increasing family of compact connected manifolds. If M is a PL or smooth manifold, this is well known and easy. If M is just, however, a topological n-manifold then we apply the recent results [9] and [12] to prove the result. The Borel measure μ, is taken to be nonatomic, locally finite, positive on open sets, and zero for the manifold boundary of M.

Products, and closely associated questions of infinite loop space structure, have always been a source of trouble in higher algebraic K-theory. From the first description of the product in terms of the plus construction, up to the current tendency to let the infinite loop space machines do it, the constructions have never been completely explicit, and many mistakes have resulted.

Since Waldhausen introduced the double Q-construction [16], there has been the tantalizing prospect of an infinite loop space structure for the nerve of the Q-construction of an exact category , which would be understandable to the man on the street, and which also would be well-behaved with respect to products induced by biexact pairings. Gillet [3] showed that most of these conditions could be met with his introduction of the multiple Q-construction . Shimakawa [14] filled in some of the details later.

Results of a representation-theoretic nature have played a major role in topos theory since the beginnings of the subject. For example, Deligne's theorem on coherent toposes, which says that every coherent topos has a continuous embedding into a topos of the form SetI for a discrete set I, is a typical result in the representation theory of toposes. (A continuous functor between toposes is the left adjoint of a geometric morphism. For Grothendieck toposes, it is exactly the same as a continuous functor between them, considered as sites with their canonical topologies. By a continuous functor between sites on left exact categories, we mean a left exact functor taking covers to covers.)

A representation-like result for toposes typically asserts that a topos that satisfies some abstract conditions is related to a topos of some concrete kind; the relation between them is usually an embedding of the first topos in the second (concrete) one, for which the embedding satisfies some additional properties (fullness, etc.).

Let be a topological projective plane with compact point set P of finite (covering) dimension. In the compact-open topology (of uniform convergence), the group Σ of continuous collineations of is a locally compact transformation group of P.

THEOREM. If dim Σ > 40, thenis isomorphic to the Moufang plane 6 over the real octonions (and dim Σ = 78).

By [3] the translation planes with dim Σ = 40 form a one-parameter family and have Lenz type V. Presumably, there are no other planes with dim Σ = 40, cp. [17].

Let π be a set of primes and let G be a π-separable group (all groups considered are finite). Two subsets Xπ(G) and Bπ(G) of the set Irr(G) of irreducible characters of G play an important role in the character theory of π-separable groups and particularly solvable groups. If p is prime and π is the set of all other primes, then the Bπ characters of G give a natural one-to-one lift of the Brauer characters of G into Irr(G). More generally, they have been used to define Brauer characters for sets of primes.

The π-special characters of G (i.e., Xπ(G)) restrict irreducibly and in a one-to-one fashion to a Hall-π-subgroup of G. If an irreducible character χ is quasi-primitive, it factors uniquely as a product of a π-special character an a π′-special character. This is a particularly useful tool in solvable groups.

A central problem in probabilistic number theory is to evaluate asymptotically the partial sums

of multiplicative functions f and, in particular, to find conditions for the existence of the “mean value”

1.1

In the last two decades considerable progress has been made on this problem, and the results obtained are very satisfactory.

The theory of induced representations has served as a powerful tool in the computations of algebraic K-theory and L-theory ([2], [7], [4, 5], [9], [10, 11, 12, 13], [14], [17], [18]). In this paper we show how to apply this theory to obtain induction theorems for the higher Whitehead groups of Waldhausen. The same technique applies to the analogs of Whitehead groups in unitary K-theory and in L-theory.

For any ring A with unit, let K(A) be the spectrum of the algebraic K-theory of A ([8, p. 343]). Given a discrete group Γ and a subring R of the rational numbers, Loday defines a map of spectra:

*

where (BΓ) is the classifying space of Γ union with a disjoint base point and RΓ is the group-ring of Γ over R.

An action α of a discrete group Γ on the circle S1 as orientation preserving C∞-diffeomorphisms gives rise to a foliation on the homotopy quotient S1Γ, and its Godbillon-Vey invariant is, by definition, a cohomology class of S1Γ([1]). This cohomology class naturally defines an additive map from the geometric K-group K0(S1, Γ) into C, through the Chern character from K0(S1, Γ) to H*(S1, Γ Q).

Using cyclic cohomology, Connes constructed in [2] an additive map, GV(α), which we shall call the Godbillon-Vey map, from the K0-group of the reduced crossed product C*-algebra C(S1) ⋊ αΓ into C. He showed that GV(α) agrees with the geometric Godbillon-Vey invariant through the index map μ from K0(S1, Γ) to K0(C(S1) ⋊ αΓ).

A shift on a unital C*-algebras is a *-endomorphism α of which fixes the identity and has the property that the intersection of the ranges of αn for n = 1, 2, 3, … consists only of multiples of the identity. In [4] R. T. Powers introduced the notion of a shift on a C*-algebra and considered both discrete and continuous one-parameter semi-groups of shifts. In this paper we focus on discrete shifts. We use a construction of Powers to obtain shifts on certain unital AF C*-algebras. These are defined by constructing a set {ui:i = 1, 2, …} of self-adjoint unitary operators which pairwise either commute or anticommute. Setting α(ui) = ui + 1, determines an endomorphism on the group algebra generated by the ui's. This algebra is called a binary shift algebra. By passing to the (unique) C*-algebra completion we obtain an AF-algebra on which a defines a shift.

Let as usual T = R/2πZ be the circle, and H1 the subspace of L1(T) of all f such that for all integers n < 0. The norm

restricted to H1, makes it a Banach space. By a multiplier of H1 we mean a bounded linear operator m:H1 → H1 such that there is a sequence in C with

Let X be a complete separable metric space, and a family of probability measures on the Borel subsets of X. We say that obeys the large deviation principle (LDP) with a rate function I(·) if there exists a function I(·) from X into [0, ∞] satisfying:

• (i) 0 ≦ I(x) ≦ ∞ for all x ∊ X.

• (ii) I(·) is lower semicontinuous.

• (iii) For each l < ∞ the set {x:I(x) ≦ l} is a compact set in X.

• (iv) For each closed set C ⊂ X

  

• (v) For each open set C ⊂ X