Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T05:00:50.317Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A call for comparing theories of consciousness and data sharing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2022

Sarah L. Eagleman
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304, USAsaraheagleman@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/sarah-eagleman
David M. Eagleman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304, USAdavideagleman@stanford.edu; https://deagle.people.stanford.edu/ Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA. menon@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/vinod-menonkmeador@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/kimford-meador
Vinod Menon
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304, USAsaraheagleman@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/sarah-eagleman Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304, USAdavideagleman@stanford.edu; https://deagle.people.stanford.edu/ Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA. menon@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/vinod-menonkmeador@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/kimford-meador
Kimford J. Meador
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304, USAsaraheagleman@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/sarah-eagleman Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA. menon@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/vinod-menonkmeador@stanford.edu; https://profiles.stanford.edu/kimford-meador

Abstract

Merker, Williford, and Rudrauf make several arguments against the integrated information theory of consciousness; whereas some have merit, their conclusion that the theory should be discarded is premature. Coming years promise advances in the empirical study of consciousness, and only after theories are independently tested with shared data can they be ruled in or out. We propose future research directions.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bonhomme, V., Staquet, C., Montupil, J., Defresne, A., Kirsch, M., Martial, C., … Gosseries, O. (2019). General anesthesia: A probe to explore consciousness. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2019.00036CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cai, W., Ryali, S., Pasumarthy, R., Talasila, V., & Menon, V. (2021). Dynamic causal brain circuits during working memory and their functional controllability. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3314. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23509-xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Casali, A. G., Gosseries, O., Rosanova, M., Boly, M., Sarasso, S., Casali, K. R., … Massimini, M. (2013). A theoretically based index of consciousness independent of sensory processing and behavior. Science Translational Medicine, 5(198). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3006294CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cytowic, R. E., & Eagleman, D. (2011). Wednesday is indigo blue: Discovering the brain of synesthesia. MIT Press.Google Scholar
Dehaene, S., & Naccache, L. (2001). Towards a cognitive neuroscience of consciousness: Basic evidence and a workspace framework. Cognition, 79(1), 137. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00123-2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eagleman, S. L., Chander, D., Reynolds, C., Ouellette, N. T., & Maciver, M. B. (2019). Nonlinear dynamics captures brain states at different levels of consciousness in patients anesthetized with propofol. PLoS ONE, 14(10), e0223921. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223921CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eagleman, S. L., Drover, C. M., Drover, D. R., Ouellette, N. T., & MacIver, M. B. (2018a). Remifentanil and nitrous oxide anesthesia produces a unique pattern of EEG activity during loss and recovery of response. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eagleman, S. L., & Drover, D. R. (2018). Calculations of consciousness. Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology, 31(4), 431438. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000618CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eagleman, S. L., Vaughn, D. A., Drover, D. R., Drover, C. M., Cohen, M. S., Ouellette, N. T., & MacIver, M. B. (2018b). Do complexity measures of frontal EEG distinguish loss of consciousness in geriatric patients under anesthesia? Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12, 645. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00645CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herman, W. X., Smith, R. E., Kronemer, S. I., Watsky, R. E., Chen, W. C., Gober, L. M., … Blumenfeld, H. (2019). A switch and wave of neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex during the first second of conscious perception. Cerebral Cortex 29(2), 461474. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhx327CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, U., & Mashour, G. A. (2018). Role of network science in the study of anesthetic state transitions. Anesthesiology, 129(5), 10291044. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mashour, G. A. (2006). Integrating the science of consciousness and anesthesia. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 103(4), 975982. https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000232442.69757.4aCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meador, K. J., Loring, D. W., Bowers, D., & Heilman, K. M. (1987). Remote memory and neglect syndrome. Neurology, 37(3), 522522. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.37.3.522CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meador, K. J., Loring, D. W., & Sathian, K. (2017a). Consciousness post corpus callosotomy. Brain, 140(7), e38e38. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx106CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meador, K. J., Ray, P. G., Day, L. J., & Loring, D. W. (2000). Train duration effects on perception: Sensory deficit, neglect, and cerebral lateralization. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 17(4), 406413.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meador, K. J., Revill, K. P., Epstein, C. M., Sathian, K., Loring, D. W., & Rorden, C. (2017b). Neuroimaging somatosensory perception and masking. Neuropsychologia, 94, 4451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menon, V. (2021). Dissociation by network integration. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 178(2), 110112. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20121728CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Menon, V., & Uddin, L. Q. (2010). Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of insula function. Brain Structure & Function, 214(5–6), 655667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-010-0262-0CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Purdon, P. L., Sampson, A., Pavone, K. J., & Brown, E. N. (2015). Clinical electroencephalography for anesthesiologists: Part I: Background and basic signatures. Anesthesiology, 123(4), 937960. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000000841CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sarasso, S., Boly, M., Napolitani, M., Gosseries, O., Charland-Verville, V., Casarotto, S., … Rex, S. (2015). Consciousness and complexity during unresponsiveness induced by propofol, xenon, and ketamine. Current Biology, 25(23), 30993105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sherif, T., Rioux, P., Rousseau, M.-E., Kassis, N., Beck, N., Adalat, R., … Evans, A. C. (2014). CBRAIN: A web-based, distributed computing platform for collaborative neuroimaging research. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 8, 54. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00054CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sridharan, D., Levitin, D. J., & Menon, V. (2008). A critical role for the right fronto-insular cortex in switching between central-executive and default-mode networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(34), 1256912574. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800005105CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tomson, S. N., Narayan, M., Allen, G. I., & Eagleman, D. M. (2013). Neural networks of colored sequence synesthesia. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(35), 1409814106. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5131-12.2013CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vogelstein, J. T., Perlman, E., Falk, B., Baden, A., Gray Roncal, W., Chandrashekhar, V., … Burns, R. (2018). A community-developed open-source computational ecosystem for big neuro data. Nature Methods, 15(11), 846847. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0181-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed